Climate 411

Financing Solutions for Slow Onset Climate Challenges: Drawing on Nature’s Untapped Potential

Protecting and restoring mangrove forests are cost-effective nature-based solutions to buffer coastlines from the impacts of climate change. Photo: Environmental Defense Fund

By Juan Pablo Hoffmaister, Associate Vice President, Global Climate Cooperation and Zach Cohen, Senior Analyst, Global Climate Cooperation 

Climate change isn’t just about sudden disasters. Creeping issues like biodiversity loss, rising sea levels, and desertification are slowly reshaping our world, often relegated to the background in the face of more immediate climate emergencies.  

These long-term challenges are known as slow onset events (SOEs). They place new pressures on communities to adapt through measures such as disaster preparedness, while also leading to losses and damages (L&D) the impacts of climate change which occur despite mitigation and adaptation efforts. 

While the international community has made important progress to address the impacts of SOEs – including launching a new Loss and Damage fund to assist vulnerable countries in preparing for and responding to SOEs – the reality is that financing for slow onset events remains severely lacking. Many countries are struggling to secure the resources needed to address these monumental environmental dilemmas.  

In order to prioritize tomorrow’s issues today, we must rapidly scale up finance to tackle SOEs. The L&D fund will play a key role on this front – it recently held its first board meeting, and as it gears up to provide financing to those in need, it must do so in a way that optimizes public resources to maximize impact and leverages the solutions already provided by nature. 

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How to improve soil modeling to maximize climate and farm benefits

Credit: Zoran Zeremski/iStock

Efforts to curb agricultural greenhouse gas emissions and increase soil carbon storage are picking up steam to help mitigate the impacts of climate change. To have maximum impact, we need ways to reliably quantify their outcomes. 

Direct measurement of the impacts of climate smart agricultural practices are imperative to instill confidence, but they aren’t forward-looking and can’t be done everywhere. Enter the use of process-based models (e.g., DNDC, DayCent) to estimate these changes more rapidly and across broader areas.  

Process-based models are useful tools, but they have limitations, and many researchers and practitioners remain uncertain about how to use them most effectively. Yet, while skepticism in their accuracy remains a challenge, interest in them is skyrocketing, making it even more important that the community work together on their improvement.  

A new report led by Environmental Defense Fund digs into how carbon project developers and companies are using process-based models across projects to explore current challenges, identify knowledge gaps and recommend improvements.  

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Posted in Agriculture, Innovation, News, Science / 1 Response

Multilateral Development Banks Must Turn Words into Action on Climate Finance

Shoreline protection in Bangladesh. IMF Photo/K M Asad 2021 via Flickr (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)

By Angela Churie Kallhauge, Executive Vice President, Impact  

Addressing our planet’s climate crisis requires commitment, cooperation, and urgency – all underpinned by finance. But our international financial systems were not designed for a challenge of this scale, and we are falling behind in meeting the needs of developing countries in combatting climate change. 

In response to this challenge, the World Bank, the world’s largest multilateral development bank (MDB), adopted a reform agenda last year to become more fit-for-purpose, by providing countries with easier access to money to face the climate crisis. Other MDBs are pursuing similar transformations. 

We now need to ramp up the implementation of these reforms over the coming year. In November, the world will convene in Azerbaijan for the UN Climate Conference, COP29, to set a new target for climate finance. And unless we know how these reforms will allow MDBs to deliver and mobilize money where it’s needed most, the new finance goal may fall flat.  

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Posted in Climate Finance, Economics / Tagged , , | Comments are closed

Strong scientific foundations, as well as strong science-based markets, make successful nature-based climate solutions possible

Forester examines trees

Daniel Balakov, iStock

This post is authored by Brian Buma, Senior Climate Scienist, Environmental Defense Fund.

Nature is vital to our success in fighting climate change and its real-world impacts. To unlock nature’s climate potential, we need investments to go to impactful nature-based climate solutions (NbCS), which refer to strategies to conserve, restore or improve the management of natural and working ecosystems for their climate benefits.

However, in a research paper recently published by myself and others, we found markets for NbCS were getting ahead of the science. In particular, we found many NbCS where carbon crediting was proposed or implemented had questionable scientific foundations.

We need NbCS to work, and we’re spending tens of millions in the hopes they do. Yet as our study shows, questions remain on how we can achieve the best ground-level outcomes and maximize the enormous potential of these solutions to lower greenhouse gas concentrations.

To illustrate how NbCS can work successfully, we need to look at science and implementation and understand how these two key components are different, but also interconnected.

Let’s start by thinking about your car.

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Posted in Carbon Markets, Forest protection, Science / Comments are closed

We need to close a mercury pollution loophole for lignite coal plants

(This post was co-authored by EDF attorney Richard Yates)

The Environmental Protection Agency is soon expected to update our national protections against mercury and other toxic pollution from coal-fired power plants – pollution that is extremely dangerous to human health and has been linked to brain damage in children.

EPA proposed strengthening the Mercury and Air Toxics Standards and closing a loophole for lignite coal and is expected to issue its final update soon. EDF has found that, even as we have made great progress in reducing mercury pollution overall, the lignite coal loophole leaves parts of the U.S. at especially high risk.

Mapping Big Mercury Polluters

[(i) The owner/operator of the Comanche plant in Colorado has announced its intention to retire unit 2 by 2025 and unit 3 by 2030; unit 1 retired in 2022. (ii) The owner/operator of the Sherburne County plant in Minnesota has announced its intention to retire unit 1 by 2025 and unit 3 by 2034; unit 2 retired in 2023. (iii) The owner/operator of the Cardinal plant in Ohio has announced its intention to retire unit 3 by 2028; units 1 and 2 have no scheduled retirement dates. (Data: EPA’s Clean Air Markets Program Data; EIA’s 2022 Form EIA-860 Data – Schedule 3)] 

Two years ago, EDF published a map of the top 30 mercury-polluting power plants in 2020 across the United States. We have now refreshed this map based on data from 2022, and you can see the results above.

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Posted in Clean Air Act, Health, Indigenous People, News, Policy / Comments are closed

Charting the path to equity: unveiling new Just Transition and Safeguards Framework

Reskilling and training workers for a clean energy future. Photo: Robert Nickelsberg/Getty Images

By Mandy Rambharos, Vice President, Global Climate Cooperation  

As the world moves towards greener, low-carbon futures, it’s imperative that no one is left behind – including those working in fossil fuel industries and the communities they support. 

A new report from Environmental Defense Fund, ‘Just Transition and Safeguards Framework offers a roadmap for countries and energy companies alike to successfully navigate the complexities of transitioning to clean energy while ensuring fairness and equity at every step of the way. 

Guidance from this framework outlines how to empower local stakeholders – from frontline communities to Indigenous Peoples – ensuring everyone has a seat at the table and a fair share in the benefits of this monumental shift. 

The concept of a ‘just transition’ isn’t new by any means. It was first developed by North American trade unions and environmental justice advocates and has since become a global call to action. As this big idea – which is simultaneously inspiring, ambiguous, and vast in scope – spreads across the world, it must adapt to local challenges, economic realities, and social norms.  

While a just transition will (and should) look different from West Virginia to South Africa, EDF’s framework aims to help decision-makers understand the principles that should be core to every just transition plan – removing the ambiguity and providing clear waypoints toward true climate justice.  

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Posted in Energy, Jobs, Just Transition / Comments are closed