Repeat opening of Bonnet Carré Spillway is a sign we need to manage rivers differently

Earlier this month, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers opened the Bonnet Carré Spillway north of New Orleans for the second time this year to relieve pressure on the Mississippi River levees and protect communities in south Louisiana from catastrophic flooding.

It was the first time in the structure’s nearly century-old existence that it had been opened twice in the same year. When the Corps opened the spillway in February, it was the first opening in back-to-back years.

Air boat out at Bonnet Carre during the second opening this year. pic.twitter.com/kkeQvcdESU

— Corps of Engineers New Orleans (@USACENOLA) May 10, 2019

Corps Maj. Gen. Richard Kaiser recognized this unprecedented occurrence in response to the wettest period in 124 years, saying, “This is not business as usual.” What was designed as an emergency flood control system has increasingly become a default safety valve, as climate change and increased precipitation throughout the Mississippi River Valley only further stress the system.

This is a sign that we need to re-think how we manage our rivers and revisit operations of a system designed nearly a century ago.

The country’s largest drain

The Mississippi River Valley is massive, draining one-third of the continental United States, and is the world’s third-largest drainage basin. All that water flows down to Louisiana. As extreme weather and precipitation increase, areas across the Mississippi River Valley become more vulnerable to flooding.

The Bonnet Carré Spillway was constructed in response to the Great Flood of 1927 as part of the Mississippi River and Tributaries Project. The structure sends river water into nearby Lake Pontchartrain to relieve pressure on levees and prevent flooding. At a flow 250,000 cubic feet per second (cfs), its discharge is equivalent to three Niagara Falls.

The most recent opening marks the 14th time the spillway has been operated since its construction and the fourth time in the last four years. Analysis indicates that the time between openings has decreased from an average of every seven years to every 3.8 years since 1929, and is still decreasing.

Southern Louisiana remains dependent on the Mississippi River and Tributaries System, including its federal river levees and spillways like the Bonnet Carré, for flood protection. While this system has kept its residents mostly safe from flooding from the river, it has had alternative consequences. Levees have kept the Mississippi River firmly in place and starved Louisiana’s coastal wetlands of sediment flowing downriver from the entire Mississippi River Valley. As coastal Louisiana loses a football field of land every 100 minutes, the Gulf of Mexico inches closer and closer to communities.

So how does Louisiana confront a future with more water flowing down from the entire Mississippi River Valley as well as up from rising seas and storm surge of the Gulf of Mexico?

A new water management mindset

Across the Mississippi River watershed, there needs to be a concerted effort to better manage the river. This includes restoring wetlands and riparian buffers to improve water filtration and flood mitigation and giving the river more space to flow between the levees. It’s time we start managing the Mississippi River as the resource it truly is. Click To Tweet

In Louisiana, it means managing the river for its restoration potential rather than just for flood protection and navigation and delivering land-building river sediment to wetlands that will cease to exist otherwise.

Through its Coastal Master Plan, Louisiana is advancing projects like the Mid-Barataria and Mid-Breton Sediment Diversions, which will be built into the river levees to move sediment from the river to wetlands to build and sustain tens of thousands of acres over time. These projects are vital to communities in and around New Orleans that need this wetland buffer to protect them from hurricanes and sea level rise, but also to a number of wildlife species that depend on Louisiana’s diverse ecosystems and estuaries.

During flooding and openings of the spillway, we are reminded of the incredible force and power of the Mississippi River.

Rather than simply focusing on the river as a foe that must be tamed, we need to treat it as an asset that many other places, particularly those on coasts vulnerable to sea level rise, lack. It’s time we start managing the Mississippi River as the resource it truly is.