{"id":7880,"date":"2014-08-18T09:50:34","date_gmt":"2014-08-18T14:50:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/?p=7880"},"modified":"2015-12-21T12:43:35","modified_gmt":"2015-12-21T18:43:35","slug":"utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2014\/08\/18\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\/","title":{"rendered":"Utility 2.0: NY Utility Regulators Should Consider Change to \u201cFormula for Success\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Source:<\/a>
Source: Daniel Schwen, Wikimedia Commons<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Acquire more customers, sell more electricity. This primary formula<\/a> has fueled the runaway success of utility companies in America, as well as the rest of the world, for well over a hundred years.<\/p>\n

But today, in an era when customers are technologically savvy, price conscious, and environmentally aware, more families are pursuing opportunities that will cut electricity bills and<\/i> carbon emissions. Options once considered fringe, like installing rooftop solar panels and driving electric cars, are now becoming so mainstream<\/a> that utilities everywhere are seeing their bottom lines crunched and even fear for their survival<\/a>. The electricity sector needs a new formula that can account for these changes, while still providing reliable, safe, and affordable electricity for all.<\/p>\n

As a result of increased energy efficiency and heavier reliance on local, distributed energy resources, it\u2019s clear our country is moving toward a reality<\/a> in which less electricity will come from centralized, fossil fuel power plants. At the same time, customers want utilities to continue providing basic electricity services while allowing them to benefit from new energy-efficient solutions and clean technologies in order to waste less electricity and generate our own power.<\/p>\n

How will this be possible? A key first step is moving away from the existing regulatory paradigm, which rewards utilities for investing in more power stations and equipment, to a model that rewards utilities for the performance we seek today.<\/p>\n

The New York Public Service Commission (Commission) recognizes that the traditional utility business model \u2013 which rewards utilities with investment returns \u2013 leaves little opportunity for utilities to innovate, stating in its \u201cReforming the Energy Vision\u201d (REV) Staff Report<\/a>: \u201cCurrent ratemaking provides few incentives for utilities to innovate or to support third-party innovation, to address the current challenges in ways that promote a more efficient system and benefit consumers.\u201d<\/p>\n

Utilities will be evaluated on clean energy, customer engagement<\/b><\/p>\n

In EDF\u2019s recommendations<\/a> to the Commission, we propose an enhanced version of performance-based regulation, or what we refer to as PBR+, that removes the link between utility earnings and their investments in infrastructure. With PBR+, a utility will be evaluated not just on how well it provides standard electricity service, but also on whether it delivers benefits to the customer and to the environment. Today, the Commission uses metrics such as reliability, safety, and quality of service to regulate utilities, all of which provide a strong foundation for evaluating performance and will still be used. But the Commission plans to establish new metrics<\/a> that will also take into account the availability of clean energy solutions as well as how much flexibility a customer has to adopt them. It will be necessary for the Commission to establish these new performance metrics and also devise a standard method for evaluating a utility\u2019s performance against them linked to the utility\u2019s compensation.<\/p>\n

In establishing these new metrics, the Commission must answer a number of questions, most notably: What outcomes does New York\u2019s REV proceeding seek to achieve? From the start of the landmark proceeding, the state identified four categories<\/a> of potential outcomes to come from the effort to reform the utility business model:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Advanced clean energy,<\/li>\n
  2. Customer engagement,<\/li>\n
  3. Reliable and resilient system, and<\/li>\n
  4. Operational efficiency.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Metrics might be applied differently <\/b><\/p>\n

    While the same metrics will apply to all utilities within New York State, they might be applied differently to utilities based on individual circumstances. Factors such as the number of homeowners versus renters, population density, and types of customers (e.g. industrial, commercial, residential) could influence the solutions utilities are able to pursue, allowing some utilities to perform better under certain metrics than others.<\/p>\n

    In defining these metrics, it will be important to understand what value customers will place on the outcomes, and some metrics may by their very nature be exceedingly difficult to accurately value. Three metrics that align with the state\u2019s policy direction, as well as customers\u2019 needs, are greenhouse gas emissions reductions, better resiliency, and improvements to customer service. Such metrics would help put New York on a pathway to achieve its goal<\/a> of an 80% reduction in total carbon emissions by 2050.<\/p>\n

    Executed properly, a utility\u2019s earnings would no longer be considered an entitlement, but would be based entirely on its performance according to the Commission\u2019s new metrics. It is our belief that PBR+ is the best way to motivate utilities to achieve the outcomes New Yorkers desire, while still meeting today\u2019s challenges.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n

    Last month, EDF <\/i>filed<\/i><\/a> comments (<\/i>Track 1<\/i><\/a> and <\/i>Track 2<\/i><\/a>) in New York State\u2019s historic \u2018Reforming the Energy Vision\u2019 (REV) <\/i>proceeding<\/i><\/a> to re-evaluate the longstanding utility <\/i>business model<\/i><\/a> in light of a rapidly changing energy sector. We recommend: <\/i>1) transitioning from traditional rate of return regulation to performance-based regulation; 2) fully valuing all costs and benefits associated with distributed energy resources; 3) removing barriers to non-utility entities participating in energy service markets; and 4) requiring the utility to optimize the load it serves.<\/i><\/p>\n

    Over the coming weeks, we will devote a blog post to examining each of these recommendations in depth. This blog post, the first in the Utility 2.0 series, discusses the merits of performance-based regulation.\u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Acquire more customers, sell more electricity. This primary formula has fueled the runaway success of utility companies in America, as well as the rest of the world, for well over a hundred years. But today, in an era when customers are technologically savvy, price conscious, and environmentally aware, more families are pursuing opportunities that will …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":38051,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[42996,254,84830,9,177,27600],"tags":[55736],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-7880","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-smart-power","category-energy-efficiency","category-grid-modernization","category-new-york","category-renewable-energy","category-utilities","tag-utility-2-0"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nUtility 2.0: NY Utility Regulators Should Consider Change to \u201cFormula for Success\u201d - Energy Exchange<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2014\/08\/18\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Utility 2.0: NY Utility Regulators Should Consider Change to \u201cFormula for Success\u201d - Energy Exchange\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Acquire more customers, sell more electricity. This primary formula has fueled the runaway success of utility companies in America, as well as the rest of the world, for well over a hundred years. But today, in an era when customers are technologically savvy, price conscious, and environmentally aware, more families are pursuing opportunities that will ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2014\/08\/18\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Energy Exchange\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2014-08-18T14:50:34+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2015-12-21T18:43:35+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/38\/files\/2014\/05\/NYC_wideangle_south_from_Top_of_the_Rock.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Rory Christian\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Rory Christian\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/2014\\\/08\\\/18\\\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/2014\\\/08\\\/18\\\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Rory Christian\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/be2caa0def4ffa02a857bb3a9aa36e3c\"},\"headline\":\"Utility 2.0: NY Utility Regulators Should Consider Change to \u201cFormula for Success\u201d\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-08-18T14:50:34+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-12-21T18:43:35+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/2014\\\/08\\\/18\\\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":869,\"commentCount\":9,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/2014\\\/08\\\/18\\\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/wp-content\\\/blogs.dir\\\/38\\\/files\\\/2014\\\/05\\\/NYC_wideangle_south_from_Top_of_the_Rock.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Utility 2.0\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Clean Energy\",\"Energy Efficiency\",\"Grid Modernization\",\"New York\",\"Renewable Energy\",\"Utility Business Models\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/2014\\\/08\\\/18\\\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/2014\\\/08\\\/18\\\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/2014\\\/08\\\/18\\\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\\\/\",\"name\":\"Utility 2.0: NY Utility Regulators Should Consider Change to \u201cFormula for Success\u201d - Energy Exchange\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/2014\\\/08\\\/18\\\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/2014\\\/08\\\/18\\\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/wp-content\\\/blogs.dir\\\/38\\\/files\\\/2014\\\/05\\\/NYC_wideangle_south_from_Top_of_the_Rock.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-08-18T14:50:34+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-12-21T18:43:35+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/be2caa0def4ffa02a857bb3a9aa36e3c\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/2014\\\/08\\\/18\\\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/2014\\\/08\\\/18\\\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/2014\\\/08\\\/18\\\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"http:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/wp-content\\\/blogs.dir\\\/38\\\/files\\\/2014\\\/05\\\/NYC_wideangle_south_from_Top_of_the_Rock.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/wp-content\\\/blogs.dir\\\/38\\\/files\\\/2014\\\/05\\\/NYC_wideangle_south_from_Top_of_the_Rock.jpg\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/2014\\\/08\\\/18\\\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Utility 2.0: NY Utility Regulators Should Consider Change to \u201cFormula for Success\u201d\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/\",\"name\":\"Energy Exchange\",\"description\":\"Accelerating the clean energy revolution\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/be2caa0def4ffa02a857bb3a9aa36e3c\",\"name\":\"Rory Christian\",\"description\":\"Director, New York Clean Energy Rory Christian is EDF's Director of Clean Energy Initiatives for the New York region, where he focuses on energy and clean air. Rory currently leads EDF\u2019s work scoping smart grid development in New York City and other high density urban settings, developing opportunities for financing energy projects and the NYC clean heat campaign. Follow Rory on Twitter \u00bb\",\"sameAs\":[\"http:\\\/\\\/www.edf.org\\\/people\\\/rory-christian\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/author\\\/rchristian\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Utility 2.0: NY Utility Regulators Should Consider Change to \u201cFormula for Success\u201d - Energy Exchange","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2014\/08\/18\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Utility 2.0: NY Utility Regulators Should Consider Change to \u201cFormula for Success\u201d - Energy Exchange","og_description":"Acquire more customers, sell more electricity. This primary formula has fueled the runaway success of utility companies in America, as well as the rest of the world, for well over a hundred years. But today, in an era when customers are technologically savvy, price conscious, and environmentally aware, more families are pursuing opportunities that will ...","og_url":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2014\/08\/18\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\/","og_site_name":"Energy Exchange","article_published_time":"2014-08-18T14:50:34+00:00","article_modified_time":"2015-12-21T18:43:35+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/38\/files\/2014\/05\/NYC_wideangle_south_from_Top_of_the_Rock.jpg","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"author":"Rory Christian","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Rory Christian","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2014\/08\/18\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2014\/08\/18\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\/"},"author":{"name":"Rory Christian","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/#\/schema\/person\/be2caa0def4ffa02a857bb3a9aa36e3c"},"headline":"Utility 2.0: NY Utility Regulators Should Consider Change to \u201cFormula for Success\u201d","datePublished":"2014-08-18T14:50:34+00:00","dateModified":"2015-12-21T18:43:35+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2014\/08\/18\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\/"},"wordCount":869,"commentCount":9,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2014\/08\/18\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/38\/files\/2014\/05\/NYC_wideangle_south_from_Top_of_the_Rock.jpg","keywords":["Utility 2.0"],"articleSection":["Clean Energy","Energy Efficiency","Grid Modernization","New York","Renewable Energy","Utility Business Models"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2014\/08\/18\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2014\/08\/18\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\/","url":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2014\/08\/18\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\/","name":"Utility 2.0: NY Utility Regulators Should Consider Change to \u201cFormula for Success\u201d - Energy Exchange","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2014\/08\/18\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2014\/08\/18\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/38\/files\/2014\/05\/NYC_wideangle_south_from_Top_of_the_Rock.jpg","datePublished":"2014-08-18T14:50:34+00:00","dateModified":"2015-12-21T18:43:35+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/#\/schema\/person\/be2caa0def4ffa02a857bb3a9aa36e3c"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2014\/08\/18\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2014\/08\/18\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2014\/08\/18\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\/#primaryimage","url":"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/38\/files\/2014\/05\/NYC_wideangle_south_from_Top_of_the_Rock.jpg","contentUrl":"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/38\/files\/2014\/05\/NYC_wideangle_south_from_Top_of_the_Rock.jpg"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2014\/08\/18\/utility-2-0-ny-utility-regulators-should-consider-change-to-formula-for-success\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Utility 2.0: NY Utility Regulators Should Consider Change to \u201cFormula for Success\u201d"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/#website","url":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/","name":"Energy Exchange","description":"Accelerating the clean energy revolution","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/#\/schema\/person\/be2caa0def4ffa02a857bb3a9aa36e3c","name":"Rory Christian","description":"Director, New York Clean Energy Rory Christian is EDF's Director of Clean Energy Initiatives for the New York region, where he focuses on energy and clean air. Rory currently leads EDF\u2019s work scoping smart grid development in New York City and other high density urban settings, developing opportunities for financing energy projects and the NYC clean heat campaign. Follow Rory on Twitter \u00bb","sameAs":["http:\/\/www.edf.org\/people\/rory-christian"],"url":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/author\/rchristian\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7880","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/38051"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7880"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7880\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7880"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7880"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7880"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=7880"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}