{"id":7094,"date":"2014-05-12T09:50:44","date_gmt":"2014-05-12T14:50:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/?p=7094"},"modified":"2014-06-19T13:13:26","modified_gmt":"2014-06-19T18:13:26","slug":"desalination-can-help-solve-our-water-woes-but-not-without-clean-energy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2014\/05\/12\/desalination-can-help-solve-our-water-woes-but-not-without-clean-energy\/","title":{"rendered":"Desalination can Help Solve our Water Woes, but not without Clean Energy"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_3124\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3124\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/texascleanairmatters\/files\/2014\/05\/Source-Prodes-Project.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-3124\" alt=\"Source: Prodes Project\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/texascleanairmatters\/files\/2014\/05\/Source-Prodes-Project-300x225.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3124\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: Prodes Project<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>As drought continues to grip Texas and many <a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/californiadream\/2014\/03\/21\/the-link-between-water-and-energy-in-california-and-why-it-matters\/\">other Western states<\/a>, one of the solutions often discussed (and pursued) to overcome water scarcity is desalination. Simply put, desalination, or desal as it is most commonly called, is a process that removes salt and other minerals from salty (brackish) or seawater to produce freshwater for drinking and agriculture. This technology seems like a no-brainer option for addressing the state\u2019s water woes, but the problem is that desalination uses a lot of electricity and the majority of Texas\u2019 electricity comes from coal and gas power plants, which require copious amounts of water to generate that electricity. It doesn\u2019t make much sense to use water to make water, especially when there\u2019s an alternative in Texas\u2019 abundant renewable energy resources.<\/p>\n<p>Texas is the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.awea.org\/Resources\/state.aspx?ItemNumber=5183\">national leader<\/a> in wind energy and has the greatest solar energy <a href=\"http:\/\/www.seco.cpa.state.tx.us\/re\/solar\/\">potential<\/a> in the U.S., yet neither of these resources are being widely deployed for desal plants despite recent <a href=\"http:\/\/www.poweracrosstexas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/RenewableDesalinationWhitePaper.pdf\">studies<\/a> pointing to vast opportunities. Not only do these energy resources produce negligible carbon emissions, but they also consume little to no water, unlike fossil-fueled power plants. Furthermore, if we look at where brackish water sources are <a href=\"http:\/\/www.twdb.state.tx.us\/innovativewater\/desal\/doc\/maps\/bracwells_gw_db_aq.jpg\">located<\/a> compared to where the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.twdb.state.tx.us\/innovativewater\/desal\/doc\/maps\/bracwells_gw_db.jpg\">wind<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/governor.state.tx.us\/files\/ecodev\/Solar_Potential.jpg\">solar<\/a> energy potential is in this state, the overlap is pretty clear. This synergy should not be ignored. <!--more--><\/p>\n<p><b>Let\u2019s desal water when the wind blows and the sun shines!<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Solar energy coupled with a desal plant provides economic, health, and seasonal benefits. Foremost, as the price of solar panels <a href=\"http:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/technology\/archive\/2013\/08\/charting-the-fall-of-solar-prices\/278803\/\">continues to fall<\/a> each year, the investment for building solar-plus-desalination plants looks bright. And one company, <a href=\"http:\/\/waterfx.co\/\">WaterFX<\/a>, is already ahead of the curve. WaterFX uses the sun\u2019s heat to filter salty water and is about 30 times more efficient than similar facilities. Currently, the company has a <a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.kqed.org\/science\/2014\/05\/09\/drought-tech-how-solar-desalination-could-help-parched-farms\/\">pilot project<\/a> right in the heart of California\u2019s agricultural heartland and is able to provide about 14,000 gallons of water a day.<\/p>\n<p>Solar provides a vast and inexhaustible energy supply and doesn\u2019t emit harmful air pollution, making it the perfect alternative to dirty fossil-fueled power plants currently used to desalinate water. It also safeguards the health of our community members and future generations. Plus, Texas has no lack of sunny days, especially during the summer months, when the need for water is highest. But solar power isn\u2019t the only resource available in Texas.<\/p>\n<p>A recent <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2071-1050\/6\/2\/758\">study<\/a> by the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.webberenergygroup.com\/\">Webber Energy Group<\/a> at the University of Texas at Austin found that wind energy could power desal plants at night, when wind blows the hardest, and store the water for the next day\u2019s use. Some areas in Texas are already testing the waters, so to speak. Seminole, located in the Texas Panhandle, has a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.twdb.state.tx.us\/innovativewater\/desal\/projects\/seminole\/\">demonstration project<\/a> underway to desalinate brackish water from the Dockum Aquifer using the region\u2019s abundant wind energy. The water will be integrated with the city&#8217;s existing water treatment and distribution system for municipal use. The partners for this project, Texas Water Development Board and Texas Department of Agriculture, aim to complete this $1.6 million effort by August 2014. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.depts.ttu.edu\/nwi\/\">Texas Tech University\u2019s National Wind Institute<\/a>, a powerhouse wind energy research program, is on board to manage the project.<\/p>\n<p><b>Texas\u2019 Water Crisis Requires a Suite of Solutions<\/b><\/p>\n<p>The drought in Texas is, by any definition, dire. When people are reduced to taking \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/lubbockonline.com\/local-news\/2014-04-06\/drought-proofing-water-supply-conservation-alone-not-enough-lubbocks-water#.U1mG1_ldWSq\">spit baths<\/a>\u201d and lake levels have dropped to as low as 26 percent full, all options need to be on the table. But being more efficient with the water we have now is what we should do first\u2014just as with <a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/texascleanairmatters\/2013\/09\/13\/a-future-of-hotter-summers-will-stress-energy-and-water-in-texas\/\">electricity<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>There are currently <a href=\"http:\/\/www.twdb.state.tx.us\/innovativewater\/desal\/faq.asp\">46 brackish desalination plants<\/a> and an estimated <a href=\"https:\/\/www.twdb.state.tx.us\/innovativewater\/bracs\/\">2.7 billion acre-feet<\/a> of brackish water in Texas\u2014enough to cover the entire state with 15 feet of water. While desal seems like an obvious solution for solving the state\u2019s water woes, providing enough freshwater to meet Texas\u2019 current needs for 150 years is not that easy. Aside from addressing the energy-intensity issue of treating all that salty water, there are other problems that need to be resolved, specifically around property rights, groundwater districts, and waste, if we are to begin addressing this complex challenge from a holistic viewpoint.<\/p>\n<p>First, we should focus on conservation and water reuse. Desal can be part of the solution, but it shouldn\u2019t trigger us to think that we have an infinite supply of water just because we can make more.<\/p>\n<p>Our second best solution should be to find ways to treat and move water that are not water-intensive themselves, such as taking advantage of renewable energy to maximize new, freshwater resources.<\/p>\n<p>Just as there is no silver bullet to solve climate change, there is no single solution to solve water scarcity problems either. It requires a suite of options that must be undertaken with thoughtful urgency. As Legislators from all corners of Texas prepare for the upcoming 2015 legislative session, the eyes of Texas will be upon them, looking for innovative, cost-effective plans to keep our faucets running.<\/p>\n<p><em>This commentary originally appeared on our <a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/texascleanairmatters\/2014\/05\/12\/desalination-can-help-solve-our-water-woes-but-not-without-clean-energy\/\">Texas Clean Air Matters blog<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As drought continues to grip Texas and many other Western states, one of the solutions often discussed (and pursued) to overcome water scarcity is desalination. Simply put, desalination, or desal as it is most commonly called, is a process that removes salt and other minerals from salty (brackish) or seawater to produce freshwater for drinking &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7471,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[42996,254,735,177,181],"tags":[],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-7094","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-smart-power","category-energy-efficiency","category-energy-water-nexus","category-renewable-energy","category-texas"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Desalination can Help Solve our Water Woes, but not without Clean Energy - Energy Exchange<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2014\/05\/12\/desalination-can-help-solve-our-water-woes-but-not-without-clean-energy\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Desalination can Help Solve our Water Woes, but not without Clean Energy - Energy Exchange\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"As drought continues to grip Texas and many other Western states, one of the solutions often discussed (and pursued) to overcome water scarcity is desalination. 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