{"id":24071,"date":"2025-10-16T13:32:13","date_gmt":"2025-10-16T17:32:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/?p=24071"},"modified":"2025-10-16T13:32:13","modified_gmt":"2025-10-16T17:32:13","slug":"japans-urban-methane-study-shows-data-gaps-and-mitigation-opportunities","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2025\/10\/16\/japans-urban-methane-study-shows-data-gaps-and-mitigation-opportunities\/","title":{"rendered":"Japan\u2019s urban methane study shows data gaps and mitigation opportunities"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em><span class=\"TextRun SCXW257335878 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW257335878 BCX0\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/38\/files\/\/Osaka_Dotonbori_Ebisu_Bridge-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-24074\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/38\/files\/\/Osaka_Dotonbori_Ebisu_Bridge-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"550\" height=\"366\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/38\/files\/Osaka_Dotonbori_Ebisu_Bridge-1.jpg 550w, https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/38\/files\/Osaka_Dotonbori_Ebisu_Bridge-1-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><span class=\"TextRun SCXW257335878 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW257335878 BCX0\">By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.research.ed.ac.uk\/en\/persons\/mark-lunt\">Mark Lunt<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.edf.org\/people\/mina-berkow\">Mina Berkow\u00a0<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW257335878 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The first study of its kind in Japan discovered Osaka\u2019s urban emissions several times higher than official inventories report.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Up to 75% of Osaka\u2019s street-level methane emissions came from man-made sources such as natural gas used in restaurants and buildings, revealing an overlooked but promising opportunity to cut climate pollution and save energy.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">When talking about emissions of methane along the oil and gas supply chain, we usually think about oil and gas fields. Indeed, methane released during extraction via venting, flaring and leaks are significant global sources, and tackling emissions there often offers the fastest and most economically feasible solutions. <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">However, the story doesn\u2019t end upstream. To minimize detrimental climate impacts and energy waste from methane leaks, we also need to act where the gas is delivered and used \u2014 and that requires reliable, actionable data.\u00a0 <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<span class='bctt-click-to-tweet'><span class='bctt-ctt-text'><a href='https:\/\/x.com\/intent\/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.edf.org%2Fenergyexchange%2F2025%2F10%2F16%2Fjapans-urban-methane-study-shows-data-gaps-and-mitigation-opportunities%2F&#038;text=Japan%E2%80%99s%20urban%20methane%20study%20shows%20data%20gaps%20and%20mitigation%20opportunities%20&#038;via=EDFEnergyEx&#038;related=EDFEnergyEx' target='_blank'rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Japan\u2019s urban methane study shows data gaps and mitigation opportunities  <\/a><\/span><a href='https:\/\/x.com\/intent\/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.edf.org%2Fenergyexchange%2F2025%2F10%2F16%2Fjapans-urban-methane-study-shows-data-gaps-and-mitigation-opportunities%2F&#038;text=Japan%E2%80%99s%20urban%20methane%20study%20shows%20data%20gaps%20and%20mitigation%20opportunities%20&#038;via=EDFEnergyEx&#038;related=EDFEnergyEx' target='_blank' class='bctt-ctt-btn'rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Share on X<\/a><\/span>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A <a href=\"https:\/\/acp.copernicus.org\/articles\/25\/12513\/2025\/\">new study in Japan<\/a>, a major gas consumer and importer, examines this issue. For the first time, scientists have investigated methane emissions in urban areas in Japan\u2019s third most populous city, Osaka, with the findings published in early October in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The first look at urban methane emission in Japan\u00a0 <\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Conducted by scientists at Japan\u2019s Osaka Metropolitan University and National Institute of Environmental Studies with support from the Environmental Defense Fund, the study investigated the extent of methane emissions from natural gas leaks in the Osaka metropolitan area, one of Japan\u2019s largest urban centers, and where it was coming from, providing a foundation for targeted interventions and further research. <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Typically, urban methane sources fall into two major types: natural gas emissions from distribution pipelines or end-use, versus biogenic sources from solid or liquid waste.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The findings were notable: Osaka\u2019s methane emissions are estimated to be several times higher than reported in official inventories, revealing previously unaccounted emissions from urban natural gas use. Moreover, between 47-75% of the methane emissions detected at street level could be traced back to natural gas sources at end use, highlighting an untapped mitigation opportunity.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Enhancing measurement uncovering small but widespread leaks <\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What made this study novel was its use of two complementary methods to monitor methane in the city. Researchers combined data from a stationary tower, which measured emissions drifting in from upwind areas, with mobile monitoring on the ground. To reach even the narrowest streets of urban Osaka, they mounted sensors on a car and a bike that cycled more than 1100 kilometers. By measuring both methane and ethane (a marker of natural gas), they could pinpoint which emissions were linked to gas leaks.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/38\/files\/\/PIC_20231024_101817_001-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-24072 size-large aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/38\/files\/\/PIC_20231024_101817_001-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"540\" height=\"405\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/38\/files\/PIC_20231024_101817_001-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/38\/files\/PIC_20231024_101817_001-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/38\/files\/PIC_20231024_101817_001-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/38\/files\/PIC_20231024_101817_001-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/38\/files\/PIC_20231024_101817_001-2048x1536.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The results present a mixed message. On the positive side, unlike similar studies in Europe and the U.S., which often detect major leaks from city gas pipelines, the Osaka study findings suggest the local city gas companies have been effective at controlling large distribution pipeline leaks, offering lessons for other cities struggling with this issue.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">At the same time, researchers found widespread small leaks across the metropolitan area, detecting natural gas leaks at a rate of one source every five kilometers \u2014 higher than many European cities. While each leak may seem minor, together they add up to significant emissions in a city of 2.7 million people. Evidence from both tower and mobile data points to end-use sources, such as restaurants, indicating that Osaka will need targeted strategies to effectively cut emissions. <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Stronger data, smarter policies <\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The implications of this research stretch well beyond Osaka. Firstly, real-world, science-based measurements offer a much-needed complement to current inventories by capturing emissions that would otherwise go unnoticed.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Secondly, expanding monitoring from upstream supply chains into urban areas enables regulators to detect and reduce emissions, uncover hidden sources and better target mitigation solutions. It shows that countries like Japan, with very little domestic production, have a chance to reduce methane emissions in consumption at home. <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Third, the results also show that gas-consuming and importing countries like Japan have a pivotal role in global methane reduction by improving methane data transparency. Japan can share best practices with suppliers and peers across the Asia-Pacific region.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">EDF, together with OMU and NIES, are continuing to refine measurement methods and improve the understanding and tracking of methane emissions, to better inform policy development and design.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Mark Lunt and Mina Berkow\u00a0\u00a0 The first study of its kind in Japan discovered Osaka\u2019s urban emissions several times higher than official inventories report.\u00a0\u00a0 Up to 75% of Osaka\u2019s street-level methane emissions came from man-made sources such as natural gas used in restaurants and buildings, revealing an overlooked but promising opportunity to cut climate &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"coauthors":[114057],"class_list":["post-24071","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - 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