{"id":10691,"date":"2015-07-21T08:00:05","date_gmt":"2015-07-21T13:00:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/?p=10691"},"modified":"2015-07-21T08:06:02","modified_gmt":"2015-07-21T13:06:02","slug":"new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2015\/07\/21\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\/","title":{"rendered":"New Study Emphasizes Need to Find and Fix Methane Leaks; Reveals Limits of Voluntary Action"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/38\/files\/2015\/07\/T_S-image-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft  wp-image-10699\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/38\/files\/2015\/07\/T_S-image-2.jpg\" alt=\"T_S image 2\" width=\"339\" height=\"226\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/38\/files\/2015\/07\/T_S-image-2.jpg 551w, https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/38\/files\/2015\/07\/T_S-image-2-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 339px) 100vw, 339px\" \/><\/a><\/strong>A study published today in <em><a href=\"http:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/full\/10.1021\/acs.est.5b01669\">Environmental Science &amp; Technology <\/a><\/em>confirms official figures from the Environmental Protection Agency showing that an enormous amount of methane \u2013 about 80 billion cubic feet per year \u2013 is escaping from thousands of key nodes along the nation\u2019s natural gas interstate pipeline system. This equals the 20-year climate impact of 33 coal-fired power plants and more than $240 million worth of wasted natural gas per year, enough to meet the yearly heating and cooking needs of over a million U.S. households.<\/p>\n<p>The study also shows the limitations of voluntary measures to address the industry\u2019s methane problem. Companies that volunteered for this study, for example, reported emissions 30 percent lower than companies that were not involved. For some equipment, the difference was more than seven-fold. The performance gap between volunteer and non-volunteer companies reinforces doubt about industry claims that it can manage methane emissions on its own, underscoring the need for standards that create a level playing field across the sector.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Major Challenge, Big Opportunity<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The study also confirms that major emission sources are widely distributed, intermittent, and unpredictable. In this case, a relatively small number of large leaks from ill-performing equipment and facilities accounted for 40 percent of the methane leaking from the country\u2019s pipeline transmission and storage infrastructure.<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>The problem is that it\u2019s incredibly hard to predict when and where these emissions sources occur \u2013 at any time, various pieces of equipment can be leaking, so the real-world challenge for operators is finding and fixing malfunctions quickly. Once again, this finding suggests the need for a broad-based monitoring and repair requirement.<\/p>\n<p>The oil and gas industry is the nation\u2019s largest industrial source of methane pollution, with emissions leaking out from various points across the supply chain (production, gathering, transmission and distribution). This latest study reports emissions for the transmission and storage sector, the industry\u2019s hub and spokes, that includes over 2,000 compressor stations distributed along 300,000 miles of pipeline traversing the nation with underground storage facilities and other associated equipment.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Evidence for Action Builds<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Methane is a short-lived, powerful greenhouse gas pollutant, and because it is the main ingredient in natural gas, also represents a waste of a valuable energy resource. The study release comes at a time when federal and state regulatory agencies are considering a range of measures to potentially limit emissions from oil and gas operations.<\/p>\n<p>The new study is <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2015\/02\/10\/studies-provide-insight-on-two-overlooked-segments-of-oil-and-gas-industry\/\">the second<\/a> published based on research led by Colorado State University, which involved the most comprehensive on-site measurement campaign to date of this sector. It was organized by EDF as part of a groundbreaking <a href=\"http:\/\/www.edf.org\/sites\/default\/files\/methane_studies_fact_sheet.pdf\">series of 16 studies<\/a> examining how much methane is escaping from the natural gas supply chain and where it\u2019s coming from.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Proof of What\u2019s Possible<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The results of this study suggest that transmission companies have made site improvements since the 1990s like replacing old reciprocating compressors with newer devices that emit substantially less methane. Determining the rationale for those changes (i.e., whether they were intended to reduce leaks or for other purposes) was outside the study scope. Efforts by companies to upgrade infrastructure are nevertheless encouraging, and show what can be achieved through technology improvements \u2013 when and if those steps are actually taken.<\/p>\n<p>The researchers\u2019 model also indicates facilities subject to EPA reporting &#8212; those with annual greenhouse gas emissions greater than 25,000 metric tons carbon dioxide-equivalent \u2013 actually emit over twice the methane they reported. Researchers attribute this to the program\u2019s reporting requirements, suggesting opportunities exist to ensure significantly more complete accounting from the transmission and storage sector.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Good News\/Bad News<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>While this study reveals some encouraging findings, it also indicates that not all in the industry are making the same effort. The best way to ensure that all companies are taking necessary steps to best identify leaks and update equipment is through comprehensive regulation. BLM, EPA and several leading states are already in the process of developing regulations, and as this study indicates, it is important to include in those rules rigorous requirements for finding and fixing the leakiest equipment.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A study published today in Environmental Science &amp; Technology confirms official figures from the Environmental Protection Agency showing that an enormous amount of methane \u2013 about 80 billion cubic feet per year \u2013 is escaping from thousands of key nodes along the nation\u2019s natural gas interstate pipeline system. This equals the 20-year climate impact of &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61924,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[55717,693],"tags":[],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-10691","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-methane-2","category-natural-gas"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>New Study Emphasizes Need to Find and Fix Methane Leaks; Reveals Limits of Voluntary Action - Energy Exchange<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2015\/07\/21\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"New Study Emphasizes Need to Find and Fix Methane Leaks; Reveals Limits of Voluntary Action - Energy Exchange\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A study published today in Environmental Science &amp; Technology confirms official figures from the Environmental Protection Agency showing that an enormous amount of methane \u2013 about 80 billion cubic feet per year \u2013 is escaping from thousands of key nodes along the nation\u2019s natural gas interstate pipeline system. This equals the 20-year climate impact of ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2015\/07\/21\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Energy Exchange\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2015-07-21T13:00:05+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2015-07-21T13:06:02+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/38\/files\/2015\/07\/T_S-image-2.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"N. Jonathan Peress\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"N. Jonathan Peress\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/21\\\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/21\\\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"N. Jonathan Peress\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0b37fe84037e40274a3ef6b8a9e2ee7a\"},\"headline\":\"New Study Emphasizes Need to Find and Fix Methane Leaks; Reveals Limits of Voluntary Action\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-07-21T13:00:05+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-07-21T13:06:02+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/21\\\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":689,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/21\\\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/wp-content\\\/blogs.dir\\\/38\\\/files\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/T_S-image-2.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Methane\",\"Natural Gas\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/21\\\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/21\\\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/21\\\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\\\/\",\"name\":\"New Study Emphasizes Need to Find and Fix Methane Leaks; Reveals Limits of Voluntary Action - Energy Exchange\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/21\\\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/21\\\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/wp-content\\\/blogs.dir\\\/38\\\/files\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/T_S-image-2.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-07-21T13:00:05+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-07-21T13:06:02+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0b37fe84037e40274a3ef6b8a9e2ee7a\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/21\\\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/21\\\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/21\\\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"http:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/wp-content\\\/blogs.dir\\\/38\\\/files\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/T_S-image-2.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/wp-content\\\/blogs.dir\\\/38\\\/files\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/T_S-image-2.jpg\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/2015\\\/07\\\/21\\\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"New Study Emphasizes Need to Find and Fix Methane Leaks; Reveals Limits of Voluntary Action\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/\",\"name\":\"Energy Exchange\",\"description\":\"Accelerating the clean energy revolution\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0b37fe84037e40274a3ef6b8a9e2ee7a\",\"name\":\"N. Jonathan Peress\",\"description\":\"N. Jonathan Peress Jonathan works to ensure that natural gas is used as an implement for clean energy transformation rather than as an obstacle to sound climate policy and solutions. His areas of expertise include natural gas and electricity market design and air pollution law and policy.\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/energyexchange\\\/author\\\/jperess\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"New Study Emphasizes Need to Find and Fix Methane Leaks; Reveals Limits of Voluntary Action - Energy Exchange","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2015\/07\/21\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"New Study Emphasizes Need to Find and Fix Methane Leaks; Reveals Limits of Voluntary Action - Energy Exchange","og_description":"A study published today in Environmental Science &amp; Technology confirms official figures from the Environmental Protection Agency showing that an enormous amount of methane \u2013 about 80 billion cubic feet per year \u2013 is escaping from thousands of key nodes along the nation\u2019s natural gas interstate pipeline system. This equals the 20-year climate impact of ...","og_url":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2015\/07\/21\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\/","og_site_name":"Energy Exchange","article_published_time":"2015-07-21T13:00:05+00:00","article_modified_time":"2015-07-21T13:06:02+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/38\/files\/2015\/07\/T_S-image-2.jpg","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"author":"N. Jonathan Peress","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"N. Jonathan Peress","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2015\/07\/21\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2015\/07\/21\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\/"},"author":{"name":"N. Jonathan Peress","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/#\/schema\/person\/0b37fe84037e40274a3ef6b8a9e2ee7a"},"headline":"New Study Emphasizes Need to Find and Fix Methane Leaks; Reveals Limits of Voluntary Action","datePublished":"2015-07-21T13:00:05+00:00","dateModified":"2015-07-21T13:06:02+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2015\/07\/21\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\/"},"wordCount":689,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2015\/07\/21\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/38\/files\/2015\/07\/T_S-image-2.jpg","articleSection":["Methane","Natural Gas"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2015\/07\/21\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2015\/07\/21\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\/","url":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2015\/07\/21\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\/","name":"New Study Emphasizes Need to Find and Fix Methane Leaks; Reveals Limits of Voluntary Action - Energy Exchange","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2015\/07\/21\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2015\/07\/21\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/38\/files\/2015\/07\/T_S-image-2.jpg","datePublished":"2015-07-21T13:00:05+00:00","dateModified":"2015-07-21T13:06:02+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/#\/schema\/person\/0b37fe84037e40274a3ef6b8a9e2ee7a"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2015\/07\/21\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2015\/07\/21\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2015\/07\/21\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\/#primaryimage","url":"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/38\/files\/2015\/07\/T_S-image-2.jpg","contentUrl":"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/38\/files\/2015\/07\/T_S-image-2.jpg"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/2015\/07\/21\/new-study-emphasizes-need-to-find-and-fix-methane-leaks-reveals-limits-of-voluntary-action\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"New Study Emphasizes Need to Find and Fix Methane Leaks; Reveals Limits of Voluntary Action"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/#website","url":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/","name":"Energy Exchange","description":"Accelerating the clean energy revolution","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/#\/schema\/person\/0b37fe84037e40274a3ef6b8a9e2ee7a","name":"N. Jonathan Peress","description":"N. Jonathan Peress Jonathan works to ensure that natural gas is used as an implement for clean energy transformation rather than as an obstacle to sound climate policy and solutions. His areas of expertise include natural gas and electricity market design and air pollution law and policy.","url":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/author\/jperess\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10691","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61924"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10691"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10691\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10691"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10691"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10691"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/energyexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=10691"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}