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  • Accelerating the clean energy revolution

    The Sun Is Shining At Groce United Methodist Church

    Posted: in EDF Climate Corps

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    By: Sam Sink, 2011 Climate Corps Public Sector Fellow at Groce United Methodist Church in Asheville, NC; M.S. Technology candidate at Appalachian State University

    As an EDF Climate Corps Public Sector fellow at Groce United Methodist Church in Asheville, North Carolina, I have the opportunity to make a positive impact on the community. Because churches have historically been places where people share ideas and learn about emerging world trends, it is fitting that I am at Groce sharing ways to save energy and reduce greenhouse gas pollution.

    I began with a traditional energy assessment of the church’s electrical systems and building usage to establish a baseline for energy consumption. So far, I have identified energy cost savings that could reduce the current electrical consumption by 25%. This amounts to 30,000 kWh saved and 20 tons of carbon dioxide reduced. Groce and I are pleased with these savings, but I had to come up with creative ideas to raise the bar and save more energy.

    Inspiration came to me one hot day in June… Solar energy!

    I have a background in renewable energy generation, which helped me analyze options for solar panels to curb energy consumption. I identified a section of roof at Groce that had perfect southern exposure and conducted a site assessment that yielded impressive results.

    The roof site I identified has the potential to carry a 20kW photovoltaic array, which will reduce Groce’s energy requirements from the grid by an additional 19% and eliminate another 16 tons of carbon dioxide. The solar panel payback period is 5 years, and it has the potential to offset carbon pollution from coal fired power plants for 30 years.

    The greatest benefit from the photovoltaic array is not the savings or the reduced carbon load, but the educational awareness. By exposing the children of the community at Groce and Asheville to renewable energy technology, and providing a sense of pride and ownership of the solar panels, we are fostering conversations about energy in the years to come. The installation of solar panels at Groce will spread the message that energy savings strategies are more than traditional lighting retrofits and programmable thermostats. I look forward to hearing buzz from the congregation and community about how cool it is that Groce is leading the way to a green future.

    EDF Climate Corps Public Sector (CCPS) trains graduate students to identify energy efficiency savings in colleges, universities, local governments and houses of worship.  The program focuses on partnerships with minority serving institutions and diverse communities.  Apply as a CCPS fellow, view our past projects and follow us on Twitter to get regular updates about this program.

    2 Comments

    1. CHAGANTI
      Posted August 9, 2011 at 3:04 am | Permalink

      WORLDS CHEAPEST ELECTRICITY cost per each MW 3 million US$ is for construction, machinery and generation cost just 10 Indian paisa per kwh or unit
      RAW MATERIAL IS FREE AND NO TRANSPORTATION CHARGES
      SMALL GRID IS SMART GRID IS MY CONCEPT FOR TRANSMISSION TOO
      METHOD:
      FULL TEXT
      Renewable energy is considered to be “environmentally” clean – meaning it is typically non-polluting example the application is water running in man made structures is my idea
      ‘Head’ is a measurement of water pressure or kinetic energy
      In dams the head is often proportional to the height of the water behind the dam (From top of the reservoir to the bottom of turbine tail release) because the powerhouse is to the very bottom of the head in the dam or bottom of the dam
      Head is used for make the water run faster and faster down and down with kinetic energy transferred from top of reservoir into turbine blades
      By increasing the height of the water level behind the dams increase the force of the falling and running water down the pen stock on the turbines blades, thereby increasing electrical generation capacity
      Low head dams are less than 30 feet tall and typically have generators smaller than 10 megawatts (MW), whereas high head dams are at least over 500 feet tall and have generators of at least 30 MW and more according to the water availability
      Dams store water as a source of fast, reliable and zero emission clean and green energy generation and they can serve as a base load source of electricity to link with variable generation of today’s fossil fuel and nuclear energy
      Rivers have water “pressure head” or the running water pressure to turn the turbine for electrical generation
      Kindly read my innovation or method (Text)

      KINDLY DO NOT COMPARE THIS RUN OF THE OCEAN POWER

      GENERATION TO PUMP STORAGE TECHNOLOGY

      THIS IS A KIND REQUEST ALWAYS KEEP THIS NOTE WHEN YOU READ

      THIS TEXT — THANK YOU

      IN THIS INNOVATION 3 HYDRO GENERATION PRINCIPLES ARE IN CORPORATED TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY (1) RESERVOIR GENERATION PRINCIPLES ARE USED IN P1 POWER HOUSE: OCEAN IS A NATURAL DAM, P1 INLET IS INSIDE THE OCEAN THERE IS ELEVATION DROP FOR THE WATER TO FLOW DOWN P1 ACTING AS MASTER RESERVOIR (2) RUN OF THE RIVER OR KINETIC ENERGY HYDRAULICS ARE USED FOR POWER GENERATION FROM P2 TO P20 INDIVIDUAL AND INDEPENDENT RESERVOIRS IS CALLED RUN OF THE OCEAN BECAUSE WATER RUNS FROM P2 TO P20 AS A RIVER 24 X 7 (3) PUMP STORAGE PRINCIPLES ARE USED FROM P20 TAIL RELEASE FROM MINUS 450 METERS TO ABOVE THE MAIN SEA LEVEL FOR THE OCEAN TO FLOW BACK INTO THE OCEAN TRAVELLING MORE THAN 40 KMS,BECAUSE OUTLET (TAILPOND) IS 40 KILOMETERS AWAY FROM THE OCEAN.
      KINDLY CALCULATE POWER GENERATED IN 20 INDEPENDENT AND INDIVIDUAL RESERVOIRS AND EACH INDEPENDENT RESERVOIR WILL HAVE ONE INDEPENDENT POWER GENERATION UNIT WITH POWER HOUSE
      P1,P2,P3,P4,P5,P6,P7,P8,P9,P10,P11,P12,P13,P14,P15,P16,P17,P18,P19AND P20.

      WHEN WATER GETS ACCUMULAED IN P1 MASTER RESERVOIR THIS ACCUMULATED WATER IS MADE TO RUN IN THE 20 INDIVIDUAL POWER GENERATION TURBINES.
      ONE SECOND INFLOWS FROM P1 MASTER RESERVOIR 96000 CUBIC METERS WATER PER SECOND RUNS DOWN AND PASSES THROUGH 20 INDEPENDENT POWER GENERATION UNITS AND THEN THIS 96000 CUBIC METERS PER SECOND WATER FALLS DOWN AS FREE WATER FALL INTO THE TAIL POND.
      ONE SECOND TAIL RELEASE 96000 CUBIC METERS PER SECOND WATER IS PUMPED OUT ABOVE THE MAIN SEA LEVEL.
      HERE KINDLY NOTE WHEN ONE SECOND WATER i.e. 96000 CUBIC METERS WATER FLOWS OUT FROM P1 MASTER RESERVOIR AND IMPENGES THE P1 GENERATOR-TURBINE THEN THE TAIL RELEASE WATER FLOWS DOWN THE GRADIENT AND GETS COLLECTED INSIDE THE P2 RESERVOIR. P2 RESERVOIR IS 2000 METERS LONG AND HAVING 150 METERS DEPTH.
      P1 TURBINE TAIL RELEASE WILL GET FILLED INTO THE P2 INDIPENDENT RESERVOIR TAKING LOT OF TIME, WHEN P2 RESERVOIR IS COMPLETELY FILLED THEN P2 RESERVOIR OUTLET (40 DIAMETER) GATES ARE OPENED AND WATER RUNS INSIDE THE P2 TURBINE TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY IN THIS MANNER WATER RUNS DOWN FROM RESERVOIR TO RESERVOIR TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY FROM 20 INDEPENDENT AND INDIVIDUAL GENERATOR-TURBINES ARRANGED ONE AFTER ANOTHER IN CASCADING ARRANGEMENT. KINDLY CALCULATE THE EXACT TIME FOR EACH INDIVIDUAL RESERVOIR TO GET FILLED AND WHEN ALL RESERVOIRS GET FILLED THEN JUST ONE SECOND WATER IS PUMPED OUT FROM THE 20TH POWER HOUSE TAIL RELEASE. IN THIS CONCEPT THERE IS JUST ONE INLET AND ONE OUTLET SO WATER HAS TO TRAVEL 40 KILOMETERS AND WILL FINALLY COMEOUT FROM THE VERY LAST TURBINE AND THIS ONE SECOND TAIL RELEASE IS PUMPED OUT EVERY SECOND FROM MINUS 450 METERS TO ABOVE THE MAIN SEA LEVEL.

      RUN OF THE RIVER HYDRAULICS ARE USED FOR POWER GENERATION
      IN CASCADING DESIGN
      DEAR SIR,
      THIS IS FOR EACH INDEPENDENT AND INDIVIDUAL RESERVOIR
      Where h = water depth, A = cross-sectional area, B = surface width, S0 = bottom
      slope; Sf = friction slope; V = velocity, g = gravity acceleration and = velocity of the
      moving abscissa x. Integration of Eq . (1c) leads to the law x = x(a,t): if = 0

      SUBJECT: RUN OF THE OCEAN
      {Running water is used to generate power and turbine is in the shape of a revolving garden gate model majority of the running water @ 42 meters / second velocity is hitting the side of the turbine blade(15 Meters Diameters) for the turbine to spin and water is passing in a straight line from the tail release down into the following reservoir arranged in cascading type, one after another}

      RUN OF THE RIVER CONCEPT IS CONVERED INTO RUN OF THE

      OCEAN I HAVE DESIGNED THIS CONCEPT CALLED “RUN OF THE

      OCEAN”

      AND I HAVE DESIGNED CASCADING MARINE HYDRO ELECTRICAL

      GENERATION USING THE REGULAR HYDRAULIC LAWS FOR HYDRO

      POWER GENERATION TO GENERATE GREEN AND CLEAN

      ELECTRICITY AND THE APPLICATION IS OCEAN WATER IN MAN

      MADE UNDERGROUND RIVER.

      ONE TIME INVESTMENT

      WITH THE DEGREE OF INCLINATION FOR THE WATER TO FLOW

      THE DESIGN OF THE PROJECT CHANGES, THE STEEPER THE FLOW

      LESS IS THE DISTANCE OF THE UNDERGROUND RIVER EXAMPLE

      WITH AT LEAST 1 DEGREE OF SLOPE THE RIVER IS 40 KMS LONG AND

      WITH AT LEAST 20 DEGREE SLOPE THE RIVER WILL BE JUST 5 KMS

      LONG GENERATING THE SAME AMOUNT OF ELECTRICITY

      AS SEEN IN P –1 POWER HOUSE GENERATOR-TURBINE

      OCEANS WILL NEVER RUN AND I AM THE ONLY PERSON IN THIS

      WORLD TO DESIGN A CONCEPT IN WHICH OCEANS RUN BELOW THE

      MSL IN MAN MADE STRUCTURES. “EVERY THING IS MAN MADE”

      METHOD:

      FIRST SELECT A GOOD PLACE FOR DIGGING A UNDERGROUND RIVER

      NEAR THE OCEAN SIDE OR THE WATER BODY
      (NO HARM TO MARINE LIFE)
      PLACE A 250 DIAMETER CIRCLE PIPE RING UNDER A 20 METERS DEEP

      OCEAN

      DIG A 100-METER DEEP AND 250 DIAMETER WELL SLANTINGLY

      SLOPPILY DOWN FROM THE BOTTOM OF 20 METERS DEEP OCEAN

      BED

      THE WELL IS 250 METERS WIDE (DIA) AND 100 METERS DEEP

      “THE WELL IS NOT 100% VERTICAL” BUT SLIGHTLY SLANTING

      THE WELL WILL COME OUT OF THE BEACH SIDE AND THE DIGGING

      SHOULD BE TOWARDS THE CITY OR THE VILLAGE WHERE PEOPLE

      LIVE. THE UNDERGROUND RIVER RUNS JUST OPPOSITE THE OCEAN.

      THIS WELLS BOTTOM WILL TOUCH –100 (MINUS 100) METERS

      BELOW THE MAIN SEA LEVEL AND UNDER THE EARTH

      AT THE WELLS BOTTOM 12 ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE IS

      ESTABLISHED NATURALLY BECAUSE THE WELLS INLET IS IN THE

      20 METERS DEEP OCEAN WATER AND THE WATER RUNS DOWN FROM

      THE MAIN SEA LEVEL TO MINUS 100 METERS BELOW THE MAIN SEA

      LEVEL (20 METERS DEEP OCEAN WATER + 100 METERS WELL)

      THE WELL IS COMING OUT OF THE BEACH AREA AND THE WELLS

      OUTLET IS ESTABLISHED AT MINUS 100 METERS IN SOLID GROUND

      FROM THE WELLS BOTTOM SIDE (250 DIAMETER)

      A MAN MADE UNDERGROUND RIVER IS DUG SLANTINGLY DOWN TO

      REACH MINUS 450 METERS UNDER THE EARTH

      THE TOTAL LENGTH OF THE MAN MADE RIVER IS 40 KILOMETERS

      LONG, 150 METERS WIDE AND 150 METERS DEEP

      ( RIVER STARTING FROM – 120 METERS BOTTOM SIDE TO – 450 METERS FULL OF RUNNING WATER IN A STRAIGHT PATH VERY BIG KINETIC ENERGY THE RIVER IS HAVING A ANTI CORROSIVE FIBER GLASS PADDING TO REDUCE FRICTIONAL LOSS WHEN THE WATER RUNS DOWN THE PATH)

      THE 250 DIAMETER WELL HAVING 120 METERS DEPTH WILL ACT AS A

      “HYDRAULIC HEAD” FOR THE UNDERGROUND MAN MADE RIVER

      AT THE RIVER INLET 12 ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE IS ESTABLISHED

      NATURALLY 24 X 7 ALL THE YEAR

      ON THIS SLANTINGLY SLOPPILY DOWN MAN MADE UNDERGROUND

      RIVER 20 INDEPENDENT POWER GENERATION STATIONS ARE

      CONSTRUCTED IN CASCADING TYPE ONE AFTER ANOTHER

      THERE IS A GAP OF 2 KILOMETERS IN BETWEEN TWO INDEPENDENT

      POWER GENERATION STATIONS

      WHEN WATER IS RELEASED FROM THE BOTTOM OF THE WELL AND

      ENTER THE UNDERGROUND RIVER INLET THE RELEASED WATER

      WILL RUN 2 KILOMETERS LONG AND OCCUPY 150 METERS WIDTH

      AND 150 METERS DEPTH WITH FULL OF RUNNING WATER

      THIS 2 KILOMETERS LONG MAN MADE UNDERGROUND RIVER IS

      CONVERTED AS A MAN MADE RESERVOIR CALLED THE P1

      RESERVOIR

      P1 IS THE “MASTER RESERVOIR”.

      HERE THE ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE WILL BE 27

      (20 METERS DEEP OCEAN WATER +100 METERS DEEP WELL + 150
      DIAMETER UNDERGROUND RIVER TOTAL 270 METERS)

      THIS RESERVOIR DIMENSIONS WILL BE INLET 150 DIAMETERS AND

      OUTLET 40 DIAMETERS AND WILL LOOK LIKE A MISSILE.

      THERE WILL BE 20 INDEPENDENT RESERVOIRS ON THE 40

      KILOMETERS LONG SLANTINGLY SLOPPILY DOWN RIVER

      ALL 20 INDEPENDENT RESERVOIRS WILL BE IDENTICAL i.e.

      IN METERS ONLY (kindly arrange p1 reservoir outlet to p2 reservoir inlet)
      The system follows like the railway compartments one after another
      PI RESERVOIR: 150 DIAMETERS INLET AND 40 DIAMETERS OUTLET
      P2 RESERVOIR: 150 DIAMETERS INLET AND 40 DIAMETERS OUTLET
      P3 RESERVOIR: 150 DIAMETERS INLET AND 40 DIAMETERS OUTLET
      P4 RESERVOIR: 150 DIAMETERS INLET AND 40 DIAMETERS OUTLET,
      P19 RESERVOIR: 150 DIAMETERS INLET AND 40 DIAMETERS OUTLET
      And to the last
      P20 RESERVOIR: 150 DIAMETERS INLET AND 40 DIAMETERS OUTLET

      THE CONCEPT DESIGN IS INLET 150 DIAMETERS AND OUTLET 40

      DIAMETERS. POWER GENERATION IS DONE IN THE PATH OF

      FLOWING WATER COMING OUT OF THE 40 DIAMETER OUTLETS

      WATER WHEN RELEASED FROM 40 DIAMETER OUTLET THE

      RELEASED WATER WILL HAVE A WATER PRESSURE HEAD TO

      IMPINGE EACH (GARDEN GATE MODEL) TURBINE INDEPENDENTLY

      KINDLY UNDERSTAND EACH INDEPENDENT RESERVOIR DIMENSIONS

      AND UNDERSTAND THE VELOCITY OF THE RELEASED WATER @ OF

      42 METERS PER SECOND IS THE VELOCITY FROM EACH RESERVOIR

      OUTLET BECAUSE WATER IS RUNNING DOWN AND DOWN FROM –120

      METERS, WELLS BOTTOM SIDE TO REACH MINUS 450 METERS

      BELOW THE MAIN SEA LEVEL

      KINDLY NOTE THE OCEAN OR THE WATER BODY WILL BE 450

      METERS ABOVE THE TAIL POND AT 40 KILOMETERS DISTANCE

      WATER IS CONTINUOUSLY RUNNING DOWN STRAIGHT FROM THE

      MAIN SEA LEVEL TO MINUS 450 METERS THE WATER HAS TO RUN 40

      KILOMETERS LENGTH AND THE RUNNING WATER IS PASSING

      THROUGH 20 INDEPENDENT POWER HOUSES BEFORE THE WATER

      WILL FALL AS A FREE WATER FALL INTO THE TAIL POND SITUATED

      AT — 450 METERS BELOW MSL

      THERE ARE NO TWISTS AND TURNS FOR THE RUNNING WATER

      TOTAL DEPTH 450 METERS (MSL TO –450 METERS UNDER EARTH)

      POINT 1)
      WELL 120 METERS DEEP

      (HYDRAULIC HEAD : 20 METERS DEEP OCEAN WATER + 100 METER

      DEEP SLANTINGLY WELL)

      POINT 2)

      UNDERGROUND MAN MADE RIVER 150 DIAMETER RUNNING DOWN

      FROM THE VERY BOTTOM OF THE WELL (HYDRAULIC HEAD 120Mtrs)

      FROM –120 METERS TO — 450 METERS IS THE SLANTINGLY SLOPPILY

      DOWN MAN MADE RIVER

      TOTAL 330 METERS SLOPE IS THE BALANCE IN WHICH 150

      DIAMETERS RIVER RUNS DOWN FROM – 120 METERS TO – 450

      METERS TO FALL INTO THE TAIL POND

      WATER WILL NEVER RISE THE ABOVE DESCRIBED

      DIMENSIONS OF THE UNDERGROUND RIVER

      NOTE:
      (FROM “BOTTOM SIDE OF THE WELL’’150 DIAMETERS

      MAN MADE UNDERGROUND RIVER FULL OF RUNNING WATER

      RUNNING DOWN AND DOWN LIKE WATER RUNNING DOWN THE

      SLOPE OF A 450 METERS TALL MOUNTAIN

      (FROM TOP TO BASE OF THE MOUNTAIN)

      ABOVE THE UNDERGROUND RIVER 120 METERS IS THE TOTAL

      HEIGHT (HYDRAULIC HEAD) EVER GREEN 12 ATMOSPHERIC

      PRESSURE AND IN THE ENTIRE CONCEPT (P1 TO P20 AND IN THE TAIL

      POND) WATER WILL NEVER TOUCH THE MAIN SEA LEVEL

      With energy needs rising and ever-growing requirements for cleaner energy sources, our company is dedicated to extracting renewable energy from our environment – cleanly, efficiently, and appropriately. This concept illustrate our creative solutions for green energy generation.
      · There is a significant altitude drop, where the water comes into the “master” p1 reservoir before being distributed to other reservoirs p2 to p20 arranged in cascading manner, rushing over a drop of few hundred feet at every reservoir, Operating at the high plant factor of 60% requires durable machines and accurate control equipment and less people.
      · This concept depends on automatic system combinations with SCADA(supervisory control and data acquisition, SCADA systems and software permit them to analyze all these issues, related to capacity, transmission and distribution, and respond effectively to prevailing market conditions in both the wholesale and retail markets.) usages are specifically geared for high usage and profitable operations. The fully automatic station will be trouble-free. All were reviewed on a levelized basis, taking into account capital costs, fuel costs, O&M costs, financing costs etc
      · READ MY BLOG TO KNOW MORE
      · http://www.mybusinessislove.blogspot.com
      · marine-green-energy

      P1 CALCULATIONS:

      Always p1 power generation is for sale

      Calculation Of Hydro Power

      Before embarking on any hydro power generation project it is essential to survey the proposed

      site to calculate the amount of available hydro power.

      The two vital factors to consider are the flow and the head of the stream or river.

      The flow is the volume of water which can be captured and re-directed to turn the turbine

      generator, and the head is the distance the water will fall on its way to the generator. The larger

      the flow – i.e. the more water there is, and the higher the head – i.e. the higher the distance the

      water falls – the more energy is available for conversion to electricity. Double the flow and

      double the power, double the head and double the power again.

      A low head site has a head of below 10 meters. In this case you need to have a good

      volume of water flow if you are to generate much electricity. A high head site has a head of

      above20 meters. In this case you can get away with not having a large flow of water, because

      gravity will give what you have an energy boost.

      The key equation to remember is the following:

      Power = Head x Flow x Gravity

      where power is measured in Watts, head in meters, flow in liters per second, and acceleration

      due to gravity in meters per second per second.
      The acceleration due to gravity is approximately 9.81 meters per second per second – i.e. each

      second an object is falling, its speed increases by 9.81 meters per second (until it hits its

      terminal velocity).

      Therefore it is very simple to calculate how much hydro power you can generate.
      Let’s say for example that you have a flow of 20 liters per second with a head of 12 meters. Put

      those figures in the equation and you will see that:

      12 x 20 x 9.81 = 2,354 Watts

      Below is our automated hydro-power calculator. Simply enter the head in meters, and the flow

      rate in liters per second, and the calculator will work out the amount of power carried by the

      water and the amount of power which can realistically be extracted from it to generate

      electricity

      Head: 150 m (meters), Flow Rate: 96000000 (liters per second)
      Hydro Power: (Watts) 1412640000000
      At 60% system efficiency (Watts) of generated electricity 847584000000 ( in red) please

      consider this

      Always p2 to p20 power generation is for pump consumption

      CALCULATIONS FOR P2 TO P20 i.e. 19 individual reservoirs

      I have taken just 40 meters head for each reservoir

      (Inlet 150 m and outlet 40 m reservoir dimensions)

      Simply enter the head in meters, and the flow rate in liters per second, and the calculator will

      work out the amount of power carried by the water and the amount of power which can

      realistically be extracted from it to generate electricity

      Head: 40 m (meters), Flow Rate: 96000000 (liters per second)
      Hydro Power: (Watts) 376704000000
      At 60% system efficiency (Watts) of generated electricity 226022400000 (in red) please

      consider this

      P2 RESERVOIR POWER HOUSE CALCULATION 226022400000 X 19 RESERVOIRS POWER

      HOUSES CALCULATIONS WILL BE 4294425600000 Watts used for pump consumption only

      Real World Hydro Power Calculation

      So in the example above a 12-meter head with 20 liters per second flow rate equated to just

      over 2.3kW of available power. Sadly it is not possible to tap all of that power – nothing is 100%

      efficient. However, hydro power turbine generators are very efficient when compared to wind

      turbine generators and solar panels.

      Efficiencies of around 70% can be expected which is to say that 70% of the hydraulic energy of

      the flowing water can be turned into mechanical energy spinning the turbine generator. The

      remaining 30% is lost. Energy is again lost in converting the mechanical energy into electrical

      energy (electricity) and so at the end of the day you can expect a complete system efficiency of

      around 50-60%.

      In our previous example where 2.3kW of power was available – we can therefore expect to

      generate around 1.1 to1.4kW of electricity.

      These same calculations are valid whether you are planning a tiny Pico or Micro Hydro Power

      system or the next Three Gorges Dam Hydro Project.

      NOW THE PUMP CALCULATIONS FOR NET HEAD – 450 METERS

      TOTAL PUMP NET HEAD IS MINUS 450 METERS (TAIL POND AT — 450 METERS BELOW MSL)

      Hydraulic Pump Power

      The ideal hydraulic power to drive a pump depends on the mass flow rate, the liquid density and the

      Differential height

      – either it is the static lift from one height to an other, or the friction head loss

      – component of the system

      – – can be calculated as

      Ph = q ρ g h / (3.6 106) (1)

      where

      Ph = power (kW)

      q = flow capacity (m3/h)

      ρ = density of fluid (kg/m3)

      g = gravity (9.81 m/s2)

      h = differential head (m)

      Shaft Pump Power

      The shaft power – the power required transferred from the motor to the shaft of the pump – depends on

      the efficiency of the pump and can be calculated as

      Ps = Ph / η (2)

      where

      Ps = shaft power (kW)

      η = pump efficiency

      345600000 q – flow capacity (m3/h) (96000m3/sec X 3600 SECONDS PER HOUR)
      ρ – density of fluid (kg/m3)
      g – gravity (m/s2)
      450 METERS h – differential head (m)
      η – pump efficiency 60%

      POWER CONSUMED FOR LIFTING 345600000 CUBIC METERS OF OCEAN WATER TO — 450

      METERS WILL BE:

      P2 to p20 reservoirs power generation used for pump consumption

      HYDRAULIC POWER : 423792000 (KW) 568305072 (bhp)

      SHAFT POWER : 706320000(KW) 947175120 (bph)

      WORLDS CHEAPEST ELECTRICITY
      http://www.mybusinessislove.blogspot.com

      THERE IS 1.3 CUBIC BILLION KILOMETERS OF WATER ON THIS

      PLANET

      JUST USE AS FREE RAW MATERIAL AND SAY NO TO FOSSIL

      FUELS FOR EVER IS MY CONCEPT OR IDEA

      IF WE THINK BIG WE CAN THINK SMALL AND IF WE DO BIG WE

      CAN DO SMALL

      POINTS TO CONSIDER:

      SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC BENEFITS

      Creates economic activity in remote areas

      Project co-ownership opportunities created for first nations

      Business venture opportunities created for first nations and local
      community

      Local tax revenue generated

      Construction and long term jobs created

      ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS

      Zero GHG emissions No pollution or wastes created
      Displaces energy produced by oil, gas, coal etc

      ENERGY PRODUCED FROM A RENEWABLE RESOURCE SEA

      WATER REQUIRED NO FUEL THUS CALLED “CLEAN POWER”

      No acquiring of lands for construction of large dams

      No silt removal as seen in dams.

      Simple construction and requires less maintenance very robust

      and has long life

      LOCAL GENERATION AND LOCAL DISTRIBUTION

      ONLY LOCAL GRID “SMALL GRID” SMART GRID.

      NO TRANSMISSION LOSSES

      COST OF GENERATION VERY LESS AFTER THE REPAYMENT OF THE LOAN JUST FREE ELECTRICITY FOR LIFE TIME

      NO PURCHASE OF RAW MATERIAL

      NO TRANSPORTATION CHARGE

      WILL GENERATE CARBON CREDITS

      WITH EXCESS GENERATION LOCAL AREAS WILL GET 24 X 7 FREE WATER SUPPLY

      WITH EXCESS GENERATION LOCAL FARMING COMMUNITY WILL GET FREE ELECTRICITY 24 X 7

      WITH EXCESS GENERATION ALL VILLAGES NEAR TO THE GENERATION AREAS FREE STREET LIGHTS

      WITH EXCESS GENERATION ALL PEOPLE BELOW POVERTY LINE WILL GET FREE ELECTRICITY

      WITH EXCESS GENERATION ALL FAMILIES WILL GET 20 UNITS PER MONTH FREE ELECTRICITY FOR COOKING THERE BY NO USAGE OF GAS .SEPARATE METER FOR THE 20 UNITS.

      WITH EXCESS GENERATION ALL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS WILL BE CHEAP

      RAILWAYS CAN RUN ON ELECTRICITY AND ENCOURAGE TRAM SYSTEM FOR TRANSPORTATION IN THE LOCAL AREAS

      HYBRID VEHICLES WILL RUN ON ELECTRICITY BY TRACTION OR BY BATTERY

      CABLE CARS WILL BE HANDY IN HILLY AREAS

      WITH EXCESS GENERATION ELECTRIC BUNKS WILL SUPPLY ELECTRICITY AND REPLACE PETROL BUNKS THERE BY NO DEPENDENCY ON FOSSIL FUELS AND ON OTHER COUNTRIES TOO

      WILL STOP THE IMPORTS OF CRUDE OIL AND WILL SAVE FOREIGN EXCHANGE CURRENCY

      WITH EXCESS GENERATION FOOD PRODUCTION WILL INCREASE AND HORTICULTURE WILL DEVELOP IN EVERY VILLAGE

      DAIRY AND FISHERIES WILL INCREASE IN EVERY VILLAGE
      HAND LOOM INDUSTRIES WILL DEVELOP IN LOCAL AREAS AND TRADITIONAL DESIGNS WILL GET ENCOURAGEMENT

      ALL FACTORIES WILL RUN ON 6 HOURS SHIFT AND WILL WORK 4 SHIFTS A DAY CREATING MORE EMPLOYMENTS ALL ALONG THE COAST

      MAJOR AND HEAVY INDUSTRIES WILL BE SHIFTED TO COASTAL AREAS TO GET HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICITY THERE BY NO USAGE OF FOSSIL FUEL’S AND NO POLLUTION AND GLOBAL WARMING

      IMPROVEMENT IN DESALINATION PLANTS AND DRINKING WATER SUPPLY TO ALL LOCAL COMMUNITIES 24 X 7 ON THE COASTAL BELT

      WHEN LOAD FACTOR, PEOPLE + ELECTRICITY IS SHIFTED TO THE COASTAL AREAS ALL CITIES WILL BE NEAT AND CLEAN

      IMPROVEMENT IN ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENTS

      ALL COASTAL AREAS WILL GET MANY ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENTS MANUFACTURING UNITS, BATTERY MANUFACTURING UNITS THERE BY IMPROVEMENT IN DAY TO DAY LIVING ACTIVITIES

      TO KNOW THE TECHNOLOGY TAKE A PENCIL AND PAPER AND DRAW THE CONCEPT IMAGE TO UNDERSTAND THE INNOVATION.

      FIRST DRAW A PIT 450 METERS DEEP DUG UNDER THE EARTH AND QUITE OPPOSITE THE OCEAN.

      THIS TECHNOLOGY DEPENDS ON A VERY SIMPLE PROCEDURE AND THIS PROCEDURE IS DIG A PIT( 450 METERS DEEP BELOW THE MAIN SEA LEVEL) THIS PIT CAN BE AT LEAST FOR 40 KILOMETERS LONG AND AT LEAST 500 METERS WIDE, THIS IS THE FIRST STEP.

      INLET WILL ALWAYS BE DIRECTLY CONNECTED INTO THE OCEAN.

      STEP NUMBER TWO UNDERSTAND THE PLACEMENT OF A 150 DIAMETER PRE-FABRICATED PIPE DIAGONALLY SLANTINGLY SLOPPILY DOWN FROM ONE CORNER TO ANOTHER CORNER OF THE 450 METERS DEEP PIT i.e.” FROM TOP TO BOTTOM SLANTINGLY SLOPPILY DOWN”.

      THE 150 DIAMETER PIPE SHOULD BE PLACED FROM THE MAIN SEA LEVEL FROM ONE SIDE OF THE PIT (OCEAN SIDE) TO THE BOTTOM OF THE OTHER SIDE OF THE 450 METERS DEEP PIT UNDER THE GROUND 40 KMS AWAY FROM THE OCEAN.

      THE TOTAL LENGTH OF THE PIT IS 40 KILOMETERS AND THE PRE-FABRICATED 150 DIAMETER PIPE SHOULD ALSO BE 40 KILOMETERS LONG.

      THE PIPE SLIDES DOWN THE ELEVATION DROP SLANTINGLY SLOPPILY AND DIAGONALLY DOWN FROM ONE END TO ANOTHER END OF THE PIT.

      INLET IS PLACED FROM THE MAIN SEA LEVEL, BODY OF THE PIPE STRETCHING TO 40 KILOMETERS LENGTH (DIAGONALLY) AND OUTLET OF THE PIPE TOUCHING 450 METERS BOTTOM SIDE OF THE PIT.

      THE 150 DIAMETERS PIPE IS HAVING A ELEVATION DROP AND A MAN MADE GRADIENT AT-LEAST 1 TO 20 DEGREE ANGLE FOR THE WATER TO FLOW DIAGONALLY SLANTINGLY SLOPPILY DOWN WITH THE HELP OF THE GRAVITY FROM TOP OF ONE SIDE(MSL) TO THE VERY BOTTOM OF THE OTHER SIDE OF THE 450 METERS DEEP PIT HAVING 40 KILOMETERS LENGTH.

      THE PIT WILL START FROM THE OCEAN AND WILL GO OPPOSITE THE OCEAN TOWARDS THE CITY SIDE.

      AS THE 150 DIAMETERS PIPE SLIDES DIAGONALLY SLANTINGLY SLOPPILY DOWN, EARTH IS FILLED UNDER THE EMPTY PLACES OF THE UNDER SIDE OF THE PIPE SO THAT THE PIPE IS HAVING STABILITY.

      WATER WILL RUN DOWN THE ENTIRE LENGTH OF THE PIPE STARTING FROM THE MAIN SEA LEVEL, IN THE ENTIRE BODY OF 150 DIAMETER OF THE 40 KILOMETERS LONG PIPE TOUCHING MINUS 450 METERS BOTTOM THE OUTLET WILL BE 40 KILOMETERS AWAY FROM THE OCEAN.

      THE ENTIRE 150 DIAMETERS PIPE WILL BE FULL OF RUNNING WATER AND THE WATER COMES FROM THE OCEAN BECAUSE INLET IS IN THE OCEAN.

      IN THIS CONCEPT OCEAN IS CONSIDERED AS A NATURAL DAM OR A RESERVOIR.

      IN THE 150 DIAMETER PIPE , 20 INDEPENDENT MISSILE SHAPED RESERVOIRS ARE CONSTRICTED AND ARE ARRANGED IN CASCADING ARRANGEMENT.

      EACH RESERVOIR WILL BE 2000 METERS LONG,i.e. INLET OF THE RESERVOIR WILL BE 150 DIAMETERS AND RESERVOIR BODY 2000 METERS LONG AND OUTLET IS 40 DIAMETERS THERE BY THE SHAPE WILL BE A MISSILE TYPE.

      EACH RESERVOIR WILL HAVE A INDEPENDENT POWER GENERATION STATION OUTSIDE OF THE 40 DIAMETERS AND IN THE PATH OF THE FLOWING WATER TO GENERATE CLEAN AND GREEN ELECTRICITY FROM A 1000 MEGA WATT GARDEN GATE TYPE GENERATOR-TURBINE.

      AS EACH INDIVIDUAL INDEPENDENT RESERVOIR INLET 150 DIAMETERS ,BODY 2000 METERS LONG AND OUTLET OF THE RESERVOIR WILL BE 40 METERS (20 INDEPENDENT RESERVOIRS ONE AFTER ANOTHER DIAGONALLY SLANTINGLY SLOPPILY DOWN)

      KIND NOTE:
      150 DIAMETER INLET P1 RESERVOIR OF THE “VERY FIRST INDEPENDENT RESERVOIR” WILL BE INSIDE THE OCEAN.

      THE OUTLET OF THE FIRST INDEPENDENT RESERVOIR 40 DIAMETERS WILL BE ATTACHED TO THE 150 DIAMETERS OF THE SECOND INDEPENDENT RESERVOIR AND THE OUTLET OF THE 2 INDEPENDENT RESERVOIR WILL BE ATTACHED TO THE INLET OF THE THIRD INDEPENDENT RESERVOIR, LIKE WISE EACH INDEPENDENT RESERVOIR OUTLET WILL BE ATTACHED TO THE FOLLOWING INDEPENDENT RESERVOIR INLET.

      THIS PROCEDURE IS COMPLETED TILL 20 INDEPENDENT RESERVOIRS ARE ATTACHED ONE AFTER ANOTHER IN CASCADING TYPE DIAGONALLY ARRANGED.

      AS DESCRIBED EARLIER THAT WATER WILL ENTER THE VERY FIRST RESERVOIR (MASTER RESERVOIR:P1) FROM THE OCEAN AND WILL FILL THE ENTIRE 2 KILOMETERS LONG INDEPENDENT RESERVOIR COMPLETELY AND WHEN WATER IS RELEASED FROM THE VERY FIRST P1 RESERVOIR 40 DIAMETER OUTLET WATER RUNS INTO THE VERY FIRST GENERATOR-TURBINE ARRANGED IN THE VERY FIRST POWER HOUSE WILL BE A 1000 MEGAWATT AND 96000 CUBIC METERS OCEAN WATER PER SECOND WILL FLOW OUT TO IMPINGE 24 X 7
      P = HEAD X FLOW X GRAVITY X EFFICIENCY = KW ELECTRICITY GENERATED FOR ONE HOUR = KWH.

      EACH INDEPENDENT RESERVOIR WILL HAVE 150 DIAMETERS INLET AND 40 DIAMETERS OUTLET SO WATER ACCUMULATED IN 2000 METERS LONG RESERVOIR BODY WILL HAVE 150 DIAMETERS RUNNING WATER AND THIS 150 METERS DEEP WATER WILL ACT AS HEAD FOR EACH INDEPENDENT AND INDIVIDUAL RESERVOIR.

      ALL 20 INDEPENDENT AND INDIVIDUAL RESERVOIRS WILL HAVE 150 METERS DEEP WATER FLOWING FROM ONE INDEPENDENT RESERVOIR TO ANOTHER.

      SO, P= 150 METERS HEAD FOR EACH INDEPENDENT RESERVOIR X 96000 CUBIC METERS PER SECOND WILL BE THE FLOW INTO

      EACH INDEPENDENT 1000 MEGAWATT GENERATOR-TURBINE X 9.81 IS THE GRAVITY X 60% EFFICIENCY = KW,84758400 KWH PER ONE HOUR GENERATION.

      FROM EACH INDEPENDENT RESERVOIR 84758400 KWH GENERATED X 20 INDEPENDENT RESERVOIRS = 1695168000 KWH OF CLEAN AND GREEN ELECTRICITY GENERATED FROM 20 INDEPENDENT POWER HOUSES FOR EVERY ONE HOUR.

      ONE HOUR GENERATION 1695168000 KWH X 24 HOURS WILL GENERATE = 40684032000 KWH OF CLEAN AND GREEN ELECTRICITY EVERY DAY FROM 20 INDEPENDENT AND INDIVIDUAL RESERVOIRS COLLECTIVE ELECTRICITY.

      KINDLY NOTE:

      ONE SECOND INLET WATER AND ONE SECOND OUTLET PUMP DISCHARGE WILL ALWAYS BE THE SAME AND WATER IN ALL 20 INDIVIDUAL RESERVOIRS WILL BE AS IT IS AND WILL NOT BE PUMPED OUT.

      96000 CUBIC METERS PER SECOND OCEAN WATER WILL COME INTO THE INLET FROM THE OCEAN AND WILL TRAVEL ALL THE 40 KILOMETERS LONG RIVER AND WILL IMPINGE 20 INDEPENDENT 1000 MW GENERATOR-TURBINE AND WILL FLOW OUT FROM THE VERY LAST TURBINE TAIL RELEASE WILL FALL INTO THE TAIL POND AND FROM THE TAIL POND JUST 96000 CUBIC METERS PER SECOND OF OCEAN WATER IS PUMPED OUT ( MINUS 450 METERS TO TOP OF THE MAIN SEA LEVEL ) SO THAT THE PUMPED OUT WATER WILL FLOW BACK INTO THE OCEAN ONCE AGAIN.

      THE PUMPED OUT WATER 96000 CUBIC METERS PER SECOND WILL FLOW OUT AND WILL RUN MORE THAN 40 KILOMETERS TO JOIN THE OCEAN.

      THERE ARE INDEPENDENT ADVANTAGES FORM THE FLOWING WATER AND HERE TOO THE ELIVATION DROP COUNTS TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY BECAUSE PUMPED OUT WATER IS HAVING KINETIC ENERGY.

    2. Posted August 19, 2011 at 3:40 am | Permalink

      It’s great to see you not only getting the benefits of implementing a solar power system but also being able to increase the awareness of solar energy to the next generations. Great Job!