{"id":1581,"date":"2010-06-28T16:23:27","date_gmt":"2010-06-28T23:23:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/edfish\/?p=1581"},"modified":"2010-07-08T14:17:16","modified_gmt":"2010-07-08T21:17:16","slug":"unseen-victims-of-the-bp-oil-disaster","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/edfish\/2010\/06\/28\/unseen-victims-of-the-bp-oil-disaster\/","title":{"rendered":"Unseen Victims of the BP Oil Disaster"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n
\u00a0\"\"<\/p>\n
Floating mats of seaweed, known as sargassum, are home to a wide variety of ocean life. Credit: Steve W. Ross (UNCW), unpubl. data.<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

The daily count of sea creatures dying from coating with oil on the surface of the sea, or on the beaches, continues to rise.\u00a0 We see sea turtles, sea and shore birds, and marine mammals, familiar creatures to us all.<\/p>\n

As sad as these deaths are, the death toll is massively greater for animals not quite as visible, because they are small, living among marsh grasses, or under the surface of the sea, out-of-sight and thus out-of-mind.\u00a0 The full litany of the dead is deeply disturbing.<\/p>\n

Surface currents carry valuable life<\/strong><\/p>\n

The surface waters of a healthy Gulf swim with life, much of it too small to see.\u00a0 Larvae of shrimp, crab, and other shellfish, and many familiar seafood fishes, spawned at sea, drift toward nurseries in coastal marshes and other shallow waters. Floating mats of seaweed,\u00a0called sargassum, provide key habitats for babies of many species, now hopelessly contaminated. The interior and underside of these seaweed mats \u2013 under normal conditions \u2013 are wonderlands of life, as every offshore fisherman knows.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>\u00a0<\/td>\n\"\"<\/a>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
The evolution of the Gulf Loop Current from a strong downstream delivery phase on May 7 to a cutoff eddy phase on June 11, temporarily detaining oil pollution. Credit: NWS.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

The Gulf Loop Current \u2013 a term now commonplace\u2013 is a superhighway in the sea for spawned babies of giant tunas, swordfish and other billfishes, groupers, snappers and other reef fishes, and even for hatchling turtles. These creatures ride the current \u2014our version of Nemo\u2019s East Australian Current\u2014 toward adult habitats, at risk as they pass through the\u00a0‘kill zone’ of oil in the northern Gulf.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/a>See an animation of the current loop here<\/a>\u00a0and see a video of the oil spreading here<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
This figure represents the evolution of the Gulf Loop. Credit: NOAA.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Luckily, the chance development on June 1 of a cutoff eddy\u2014a normal phase in the evolution of the Gulf Loop Current, where the current bends deep enough to interact with itself, ultimately cutting off a spinning gyre in the northern Gulf\u2014has delayed the otherwise rapid delivery of oil pollution to the pristine coral reefs, mangrove swamps and seagrass beds of northern Cuba, the Florida Keys and beyond.\u00a0 Delivery of oil downcurrent to those habitats remains likely, as the Gulf Loop redevelops.\u00a0 In fact, the weathered oil currently held in the cutoff eddy will likely drift northwest towards the Texas coast.<\/p>\n

The beauty, and now oil, down below<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
An actual track of a sperm whale diving through rich mid-water feeding zones (shown in green) from the northern Gulf of Mexico. Credit: Modified from Azzara, 2006.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Under the surface, hovering clouds of oil pollution drift with the currents, and threaten perhaps the least known elements of this magical world.\u00a0 At middle depths, a profusion of life \u2013 shrimps, lanternfish, jellyfish and squids \u2013create a layer of life so rich it appears as sonar returns to surface ships, earning the name \u201cdeep scattering layer\u201d to scientists.\u00a0 This rarely imagined world of the deep \u2013 key prey for surface diving whales, dolphins, sharks and tunas \u2013 is now being contaminated twice, as oil pollution rises to and through it, and as sinking particles carry toxicants back downward.\u00a0 It is no surprise that sperm whales and other deep-feeding life forms we cherish are now numbered among the dead.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

Deepwater treasures contaminated<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
The Visoca Knoll coral reefs are near the Deepwater Horizon well and are home to a rich variety of life. Credit: Steve W. Ross (UNCW), unpubl. data.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

On the bottom, the corals and worms get the short end of the slick.\u00a0\u00a0 The deep-origin oil spewing from the\u00a0crippled well\u00a0is polluting deepsea wonderlands that are just now being discovered, notably majestic and ancient deepwater coral reefs. The vast majority of the oil that remains in the sea will ultimately find its way to the seafloor, where worms and other sediment-eating life forms will ingest it, be ingested in turn, and continue contaminating food webs \u2013 and the very web of life \u2013 for generations to come.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

This spill impacts you, too<\/strong><\/p>\n

Put all together, every important part of the broader Gulf of Mexico marine ecosystem \u2013 upon which so many people rely for their income, and their way of life \u2013 is taking many potential knockout blows.\u00a0 Productivity of key seafood species could be depressed for years if not generations to come.\u00a0 Special care will be required to ensure that Gulf seafood remains safe.\u00a0 There is plenty to cry about, both on the surface and in the unseen places in the deep.<\/p>\n

Never miss a post! Subscribe<\/a><\/strong> to EDFish via a email or a feed reader.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

The daily count of sea creatures dying from coating with oil on the surface of the sea, or on the beaches, continues to rise. We see sea turtles, sea and shore birds, and marine mammals, familiar creatures to us all. As sad as these deaths are, the death toll is massively greater for animals not quite as visible, because they are small, living among marsh grasses, or under the surface of the sea, out-of-sight and thus out-of-mind. The full litany of the dead is deeply disturbing.<\/p>\n

Read the full post »<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2157,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[263],"tags":[1061,657,650,5063,5060,5061,72532,5062],"coauthors":[5155],"class_list":["post-1581","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gulf-of-mexico","tag-bp-oil-disaster","tag-corals","tag-deepwater-corals","tag-gulf-loop-current","tag-marsh","tag-sargassum","tag-seafood","tag-seaweed-mat"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nUnseen Victims of the BP Oil Disaster - EDFish<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/edfish\/2010\/06\/28\/unseen-victims-of-the-bp-oil-disaster\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Unseen Victims of the BP Oil Disaster - EDFish\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The daily count of sea creatures dying from coating with oil on the surface of the sea, or on the beaches, continues to rise. 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