{"id":18826,"date":"2018-08-23T11:25:10","date_gmt":"2018-08-23T16:25:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/?p=18826"},"modified":"2018-08-23T11:25:10","modified_gmt":"2018-08-23T16:25:10","slug":"why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/2018\/08\/23\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\/","title":{"rendered":"Why accurate reporting of air pollution after Hurricane Harvey matters"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>By Matt Tresaugue.\u00a0<\/em><em>This post originally appeared in <a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/texascleanairmatters\/2018\/08\/22\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\/\">Texas Clean Air Matters.<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<figure style=\"width: 599px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/texascleanairmatters\/files\/2018\/01\/Manchester_dawn_Garth-Lenz-iLCP-Texas-0128.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"599\" height=\"400\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Hartmann Park, Valero Refinery, Manchester County, Houston Texas.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>In addition to dumping historic amounts of rain across southeast Texas, Hurricane Harvey triggered a wave of air pollution, with petrochemical plants and oil refineries releasing 8.3 million pounds of harmful chemicals that exceeded state limits. At least, that is what they told state officials.<\/p>\n<p>Companies, however, reduced those estimates by 1.7 million pounds in later filings with the state, a new Environmental Defense Fund analysis found.<\/p>\n<p>The steep drop suggests that some companies may not have accounted accurately for all Harvey-related pollution increases in their reporting to the state. As a result, people\u2019s exposure to hazardous air pollutants, such as cancer-causing benzene and 1,3-butadiene, may be substantially underestimated.<\/p>\n<p>Industry frequently justified the changes in emissions estimates by arguing that flexible state-issued permits, as well as Gov. Greg Abbott\u2019s suspension of several environmental rules in advance of Harvey, made the pollution legal.<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>The analysis is part of a new report, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.environmentalintegrity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Hurricane-Harvey-Report-Final.pdf\">\u201cPreparing for the Next Storm: Learning from the Man-Made Environmental Disasters that Followed Hurricane Harvey,\u201d<\/a> released by the Environmental Integrity Project in advance of the first anniversary of the storm\u2019s Texas landfall. EDF and EIP are founding members of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.onebreathhou.org\/\">One Breath Partnership<\/a>, a media collaborative working to inspire action toward clean air for a healthier and more resilient Houston.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cPeople deserve to know what is in the air they breathe, especially at times when they are most vulnerable, like in the days after Harvey\u2019s arrival,\u201d said Grace Tee Lewis, EDF\u2019s Houston-based epidemiologist, who worked with graduate students Katlyn E. McGraw and Arbor J.L. Quist on the analysis. \u201cMany of the largest releases of air pollution happened in neighborhoods where most residents are people of color and low incomes. To fully understand the storm\u2019s toll on their health and the environment, the state of Texas must collect accurate and transparent data.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>To produce the analysis, Tee Lewis and her team collected state data for all releases of unauthorized air pollution in the days after Hurricane Harvey began barreling toward Texas \u2013 from August 23, 2017, to October 25, 2017.<\/p>\n<p>They looked at two points in time: October 2017 and June 2018. The two snapshots allowed them to quantify changes in industry\u2019s reports to the state over the nine-month period. Their analysis showed significant differences in the reporting of pollution released.<\/p>\n<p>In all, 18 companies lowered their pollution totals. Six facilities, for example, reduced their reported emissions from shutdowns in August. A Corpus Christi refinery cut its total from 53,750 pounds to just 226 pounds, citing its flexible state permit as the reason. A Port Arthur chemical plant completely removed data on additional emissions from shutting down, claiming that the air pollution was authorized under its permit. Three facilities, meanwhile, did not give any reasons for major reductions in reported levels of emissions.<\/p>\n<p>The numbers in the state database may change over time as companies finalize initial reports or report new events. Some plants file initial reports out of caution and may overestimate the size of the release. Final reports are due within two weeks of the emissions event and must contain accurate data. In some cases, companies revise their initial reports if they determine the pollution is below reportable thresholds or authorized by a permit.<\/p>\n<p>Yet EIP contends that the companies\u2019 justification for revising their pollution numbers is legally questionable because the state\u2019s program allows such reclassification only for planned shutdowns, startups and maintenance, not storms and other emergencies.<\/p>\n<p>The alterations also raise questions about whether Texas Gov. Greg Abbott\u2019s Harvey-related suspension of pollution reporting requirements encouraged companies to downgrade or eliminate their pollution reporting after the fact. It is troubling because such activity may mask real health risks posed by air pollution released during natural disasters.<\/p>\n<p>Houston, for example, suffered through the state\u2019s worst day for ground-level ozone, or smog, for 2017 on Sept. 1, five days after Harvey began flooding the city. It was one of three days in a row with high ozone levels, proof and product of the large amounts of smog-forming pollutants in the region.<\/p>\n<p>Families in Houston\u2019s Manchester neighborhood, meanwhile, may have breathed high levels of cancer-causing benzene in the days after Harvey flooded the city. Valero initially reported the release of 6.7 pounds of the harmful chemical at its nearby refinery, but <a href=\"https:\/\/www.edf.org\/blog\/2017\/09\/21\/how-tech-startup-and-nimble-non-profit-exposed-toxic-releases-during-houston-flood\">air quality measurements taken by Entanglement Technologies<\/a> for EDF and Air Alliance Houston detected a plume, roughly as wide as a city block, but invisible to the naked eye.<\/p>\n<p>Federal and state regulators did not test the air there until news outlets had published our results. The Environmental Protection Agency only later acknowledged the company \u201csignificantly underestimated\u201d the amount of benzene and other volatile organic compounds released at the refinery, and Valero revised the size of its release to 1,881 pounds.<\/p>\n<p>Texas officials have an obligation to protect people\u2019s health during natural disasters. Before the next storm, the state should invest in mobile air monitoring units and create a surveillance plan to seek out and detect pollution hot spots.<\/p>\n<p>The Texas Commission on Environmental Quality also should ensure accurate reporting of pollution releases. \u00a0This includes requiring facilities to provide justifiable reasons for substantial changes in reported emissions, use of standardized chemical nomenclature of released pollutants, adding geocoded location of facilities in submitted reports to better understand where releases may be clustered, and not suspending reporting requirements to ensure transparency for communities who bear the greatest burden of exposures.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Matt Tresaugue.\u00a0This post originally appeared in Texas Clean Air Matters. In addition to dumping historic amounts of rain across southeast Texas, Hurricane Harvey triggered a wave of air pollution, with petrochemical plants and oil refineries releasing 8.3 million pounds of harmful chemicals that exceeded state limits. At least, that is what they told state &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[52,8,20,42],"tags":[],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-18826","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-extreme-weather","category-health","category-news","category-science"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Why accurate reporting of air pollution after Hurricane Harvey matters - Climate 411<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/2018\/08\/23\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Why accurate reporting of air pollution after Hurricane Harvey matters - Climate 411\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"By Matt Tresaugue.\u00a0This post originally appeared in Texas Clean Air Matters. In addition to dumping historic amounts of rain across southeast Texas, Hurricane Harvey triggered a wave of air pollution, with petrochemical plants and oil refineries releasing 8.3 million pounds of harmful chemicals that exceeded state limits. At least, that is what they told state ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/2018\/08\/23\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Climate 411\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-08-23T16:25:10+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/texascleanairmatters\/files\/2018\/01\/Manchester_dawn_Garth-Lenz-iLCP-Texas-0128.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"EDF Blogs\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"EDF Blogs\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/climate411\\\/2018\\\/08\\\/23\\\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/climate411\\\/2018\\\/08\\\/23\\\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"EDF Blogs\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/climate411\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/aae063915aaf10301a322185853c51d3\"},\"headline\":\"Why accurate reporting of air pollution after Hurricane Harvey matters\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-08-23T16:25:10+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/climate411\\\/2018\\\/08\\\/23\\\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":930,\"commentCount\":1,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/climate411\\\/2018\\\/08\\\/23\\\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/texascleanairmatters\\\/files\\\/2018\\\/01\\\/Manchester_dawn_Garth-Lenz-iLCP-Texas-0128.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Extreme Weather\",\"Health\",\"News\",\"Science\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/climate411\\\/2018\\\/08\\\/23\\\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/climate411\\\/2018\\\/08\\\/23\\\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/climate411\\\/2018\\\/08\\\/23\\\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\\\/\",\"name\":\"Why accurate reporting of air pollution after Hurricane Harvey matters - Climate 411\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/climate411\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/climate411\\\/2018\\\/08\\\/23\\\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/climate411\\\/2018\\\/08\\\/23\\\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/texascleanairmatters\\\/files\\\/2018\\\/01\\\/Manchester_dawn_Garth-Lenz-iLCP-Texas-0128.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-08-23T16:25:10+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/climate411\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/aae063915aaf10301a322185853c51d3\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/climate411\\\/2018\\\/08\\\/23\\\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/climate411\\\/2018\\\/08\\\/23\\\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/climate411\\\/2018\\\/08\\\/23\\\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"http:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/texascleanairmatters\\\/files\\\/2018\\\/01\\\/Manchester_dawn_Garth-Lenz-iLCP-Texas-0128.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/texascleanairmatters\\\/files\\\/2018\\\/01\\\/Manchester_dawn_Garth-Lenz-iLCP-Texas-0128.jpg\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/climate411\\\/2018\\\/08\\\/23\\\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/climate411\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Why accurate reporting of air pollution after Hurricane Harvey matters\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/climate411\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/climate411\\\/\",\"name\":\"Climate 411\",\"description\":\"Blogging the science and policy of global warming\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/climate411\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/climate411\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/aae063915aaf10301a322185853c51d3\",\"name\":\"EDF Blogs\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/263a25cca3c866ba136cbe56c8b63be8a33dbfc9e0707b2fe2c58592b0f6322e?s=96&d=mm&r=g3c6372de625e166c349dd4b39c0bcb61\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/263a25cca3c866ba136cbe56c8b63be8a33dbfc9e0707b2fe2c58592b0f6322e?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/263a25cca3c866ba136cbe56c8b63be8a33dbfc9e0707b2fe2c58592b0f6322e?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"EDF Blogs\"},\"description\":\"From time to time, the Energy Exchange blog includes posts from infrequent contributors, such as other EDF scientists and staff. Since these authors vary, we use this standard author bio profile for guest posts. For more information about this author, please see his\\\/her link at the beginning of the post.\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.edf.org\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.edf.org\\\/climate411\\\/author\\\/admin\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Why accurate reporting of air pollution after Hurricane Harvey matters - Climate 411","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/2018\/08\/23\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Why accurate reporting of air pollution after Hurricane Harvey matters - Climate 411","og_description":"By Matt Tresaugue.\u00a0This post originally appeared in Texas Clean Air Matters. In addition to dumping historic amounts of rain across southeast Texas, Hurricane Harvey triggered a wave of air pollution, with petrochemical plants and oil refineries releasing 8.3 million pounds of harmful chemicals that exceeded state limits. At least, that is what they told state ...","og_url":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/2018\/08\/23\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\/","og_site_name":"Climate 411","article_published_time":"2018-08-23T16:25:10+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/texascleanairmatters\/files\/2018\/01\/Manchester_dawn_Garth-Lenz-iLCP-Texas-0128.jpg","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"author":"EDF Blogs","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"EDF Blogs","Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/2018\/08\/23\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/2018\/08\/23\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\/"},"author":{"name":"EDF Blogs","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/#\/schema\/person\/aae063915aaf10301a322185853c51d3"},"headline":"Why accurate reporting of air pollution after Hurricane Harvey matters","datePublished":"2018-08-23T16:25:10+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/2018\/08\/23\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\/"},"wordCount":930,"commentCount":1,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/2018\/08\/23\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/texascleanairmatters\/files\/2018\/01\/Manchester_dawn_Garth-Lenz-iLCP-Texas-0128.jpg","articleSection":["Extreme Weather","Health","News","Science"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/2018\/08\/23\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/2018\/08\/23\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\/","url":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/2018\/08\/23\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\/","name":"Why accurate reporting of air pollution after Hurricane Harvey matters - Climate 411","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/2018\/08\/23\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/2018\/08\/23\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/texascleanairmatters\/files\/2018\/01\/Manchester_dawn_Garth-Lenz-iLCP-Texas-0128.jpg","datePublished":"2018-08-23T16:25:10+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/#\/schema\/person\/aae063915aaf10301a322185853c51d3"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/2018\/08\/23\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/2018\/08\/23\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/2018\/08\/23\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\/#primaryimage","url":"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/texascleanairmatters\/files\/2018\/01\/Manchester_dawn_Garth-Lenz-iLCP-Texas-0128.jpg","contentUrl":"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/texascleanairmatters\/files\/2018\/01\/Manchester_dawn_Garth-Lenz-iLCP-Texas-0128.jpg"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/2018\/08\/23\/why-accurate-reporting-of-air-pollution-after-hurricane-harvey-matters\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Why accurate reporting of air pollution after Hurricane Harvey matters"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/#website","url":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/","name":"Climate 411","description":"Blogging the science and policy of global warming","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/#\/schema\/person\/aae063915aaf10301a322185853c51d3","name":"EDF Blogs","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/263a25cca3c866ba136cbe56c8b63be8a33dbfc9e0707b2fe2c58592b0f6322e?s=96&d=mm&r=g3c6372de625e166c349dd4b39c0bcb61","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/263a25cca3c866ba136cbe56c8b63be8a33dbfc9e0707b2fe2c58592b0f6322e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/263a25cca3c866ba136cbe56c8b63be8a33dbfc9e0707b2fe2c58592b0f6322e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"EDF Blogs"},"description":"From time to time, the Energy Exchange blog includes posts from infrequent contributors, such as other EDF scientists and staff. Since these authors vary, we use this standard author bio profile for guest posts. For more information about this author, please see his\/her link at the beginning of the post.","sameAs":["https:\/\/www.edf.org"],"url":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/author\/admin\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18826","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18826"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18826\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18826"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18826"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18826"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=18826"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}