{"id":16452,"date":"2017-04-04T10:07:16","date_gmt":"2017-04-04T15:07:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/?p=16452"},"modified":"2017-04-04T10:07:16","modified_gmt":"2017-04-04T15:07:16","slug":"the-misguided-regulatory-accountability-act","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/2017\/04\/04\/the-misguided-regulatory-accountability-act\/","title":{"rendered":"The Misguided Regulatory Accountability Act"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"EDFLetterText\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.regblog.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/00001-3-e1488835368971-1-1024x772.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-12860 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/www.regblog.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/00001-3-e1488835368971-1-1024x772.jpg\" alt=\"00001-3-e1488835368971 (1)\" width=\"460\" height=\"347\" \/><\/a>Many of the features of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/115th-congress\/house-bill\/5\">Regulatory Accountability Act<\/a> render it a disastrous piece of legislation for public health, safety, and the environment. By tying up essential safeguards in enormous amounts of <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/2017\/03\/06\/misguided-regulatory-accountability-act-will-increase-red-tape-obstruct-vital-safeguards-for-millions-of-americans\/\">red tape<\/a>, the legislation would covertly <a href=\"https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/115th-congress\/house-bill\/5\/text\">undermine<\/a> longstanding protections for child safety, food safety, auto safety, and other broadly shared values.<\/p>\n<p class=\"EDFLetterText\">But the key problem is not just that the Regulatory Accountability Act would <a href=\"https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/115th-congress\/house-bill\/5\/text\">impose<\/a> needlessly convoluted, burdensome requirements on federal agencies: it is that it would impose needlessly convoluted, burdensome requirements that we know have failed in the past.<\/p>\n<p>The Regulatory Accountability Act would resurrect many of the worst features of the former, failed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epw.senate.gov\/tsca.pdf\">Toxic Substances Control Act<\/a> (TSCA). TSCA was supposed to protect the public from dangerous chemicals, but for many years\u2014before the recent enactment of reforms aimed at curing its substantial defects\u2014it made regulatory decision-making so burdensome, that it effectively prevented regulators from doing their jobs.<\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/\">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency\u2019s<\/a> (EPA) failed attempt to regulate asbestos under the pre-reform TSCA offers a telling example of how important safeguards are stymied under this decision-making framework. Over 25 years ago, EPA had tried to employ TSCA to protect the public from asbestos. The Agency <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/sites\/production\/files\/documents\/nps57f.pdf\">spent<\/a> 10 years analyzing asbestos\u2019 effects on health and considering policy options along with their economic implications. After this exhaustive investigation, <a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=JV-6eX40kFYC&amp;pg=PA22&amp;lpg=PA22&amp;dq=epa+asbestos+ban+45,000+pages&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=991i0qqQE7&amp;sig=xuPsxjKsltp0MWCvFPfJtoSbz30&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0ahUKEwiG07u4p-3SAhXFKyYKHTWgA6IQ6AEIKTAD#v=onepage&amp;q=epa%20asbestos%20ban%204\">documented<\/a> in over 45,000 pages of supporting materials, EPA issued a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/sites\/production\/files\/documents\/nps57f.pdf\">final rule<\/a> that called for a phased-in ban on the use of asbestos in commercial products.<\/p>\n<p>But EPA\u2019s efforts to protect the public were rejected. Asbestos manufacturers sued, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.uh.edu\/faculty\/thester\/courses\/Environmental%20Law%202016\/Corrosion%20Proof%20Fittings%20v%20EPA.pdf\">contending<\/a> that EPA\u2019s meticulous decision-making was still inadequate to meet the onerous standards of TSCA. A court <a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.uh.edu\/faculty\/thester\/courses\/Environmental%20Law%202016\/Corrosion%20Proof%20Fittings%20v%20EPA.pdf\">agreed<\/a>, vacating the rule in 1991 on the basis that \u201cEPA failed to muster substantial evidence to support its rule\u201d under TSCA\u2019s mandates\u2014despite the Agency\u2019s voluminous record justifying a phase-out of asbestos. Following this ordeal, EPA all but gave up, never again trying to ban a chemical under the old TSCA.<\/p>\n<p>In the years following the asbestos fiasco, broad agreement began to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.edf.org\/health\/policy\/chemicals-policy-reform\">emerge<\/a> that TSCA was a failure due to its inability to protect Americans and to provide certainty to businesses. In a bid to address these deficiencies, Congress finally <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/assessing-and-managing-chemicals-under-tsca\/full-text-frank-r-lautenberg-chemical-safety-21st\">reformed<\/a> TSCA last year through legislation that was passed with overwhelming bipartisan support.<\/p>\n<p>The Regulatory Accountability Act would reverse this progress, with implications far beyond TSCA\u2014major aspects of the Regulatory Accountability Act would <a href=\"https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/115th-congress\/house-bill\/5\/text\">resurrect<\/a> features of the pre-reform, failed TSCA and apply them to all federal safeguards. That bears repeating:\u00a0 passage of the Regulatory Accountability Act <a href=\"https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/115th-congress\/house-bill\/5\/text\">would<\/a> impose requirements similar to those that had doomed the old TSCA and extend those requirements to <em>all <\/em>federal agencies, with detrimental implications for the development of new food safety requirements, veterans\u2019 care standards, pollution controls, and other essential protections for public health, safety, and the environment. I discuss two key examples below.<\/p>\n<p>First, the Regulatory Accountability Act would <a href=\"https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/115th-congress\/house-bill\/5\/text\">impose<\/a> an unworkable, cost-based decision standard, setting up agencies for paralysis by analysis that would obstruct protections for Americans.<\/p>\n<p>The pre-reform TSCA <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epw.senate.gov\/tsca.pdf\">demanded<\/a> that EPA prove it had selected the \u201cleast burdensome\u201d regulatory option when promulgating a rule. If EPA had wanted to adopt an option any more burdensome than the \u201cleast burdensome\u201d one\u2014for example, banning the sale of asbestos, instead of just labeling asbestos-containing products\u2014TSCA <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epw.senate.gov\/tsca.pdf\">required<\/a> that the Agency perform a full risk analysis and cost-benefit analysis of every less burdensome alternative, and prove each alternative was insufficient to address the risk. These requirements <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epw.senate.gov\/tsca.pdf\">imposed<\/a> evidentiary and analytic burdens on EPA that proved impossible to meet, effectively tying the Agency\u2019s hands with respect to protecting the public from hazardous chemicals.<\/p>\n<p>The newly reformed TSCA <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/sites\/production\/files\/2016-06\/documents\/bills-114hr2576eah.pdf\">eliminated<\/a> all of these problems in the service of regulatory efficiency and certainty. Under the reformed statute, EPA is required to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/sites\/production\/files\/2016-06\/documents\/bills-114hr2576eah.pdf\">demonstrate<\/a> that it has considered key factors\u2014including costs and risk\u2014and has reached a rational conclusion. But it is not required to prove that its decision meets a specific cost-based decision metric, as it was under the pre-reform TSCA.<\/p>\n<p>Yet the Regulatory Accountability Act would revive the pre-reform TSCA approach, imposing an onerous analytic cost-based standard for major protections. All federal agencies generally would be <a href=\"https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/115th-congress\/house-bill\/5\/text\">required<\/a> to prove that their rule met the specific analytic standard laid out in the Act. The Act would also <a href=\"https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/115th-congress\/house-bill\/5\/text\">require<\/a> agencies to consider and analyze substantial alternatives or other responses identified by interested persons, without imposing any clear limit on how many alternatives that would entail, and regardless of whether information concerning those alternatives was reasonably available. In addition, for major or high-impact rules, agencies would have to conduct formal cost-benefit analysis and other analyses on each such alternative. Any deviation from these nitpicky procedures, meanwhile, could prompt a court to toss out the promulgated regulation, regardless of the threat to the public as result of the regulation\u2019s demise.<\/p>\n<p>A second example of how the Regulatory Accountability Act would resurrect failed features of the pre-reform TSCA law would be through its imposition of a requirement on agencies to hold needless, burdensome public hearings. The pre-reform TSCA <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epw.senate.gov\/tsca.pdf\">allowed<\/a> any person to request a hearing on any rule. These hearings <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epw.senate.gov\/tsca.pdf\">allowed<\/a> for witnesses, cross-examinations, oral presentations, and other onerous, unnecessary hearing procedures to resolve material issues. This feature of the statute created a powerful opportunity for critics to slow down the rulemaking process, and it duplicated many other aspects of the law that already provided ample opportunity for the public to comment and provide feedback. Not surprisingly, this requirement was thoroughly <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/sites\/production\/files\/2016-06\/documents\/bills-114hr2576eah.pdf\">rejected<\/a> and excised from the new, reformed TSCA.<\/p>\n<p>Nevertheless, the Regulatory Accountability Act would <a href=\"https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/115th-congress\/house-bill\/5\/text\">reinstate<\/a> this failed requirement and apply it broadly to the development of all government safeguards. Under the bill, any person would be able to request a hearing on any major or high-impact rule, except in certain narrow circumstances. EPA would have to hold a hearing if any factual issue was in dispute\u2014which is virtually always the case for someone. With this approach, attorneys would argue over science-based determinations made by agency scientists in needless show trials. Any individual seeking to delay a rulemaking could use this provision to draw out and delay protections for Americans.<\/p>\n<p>The Regulatory Accountability Act may sound innocuous, but it puts our health, safety, and environment at risk. Imagine a world where efforts to update food safety requirements in the face of a pressing health threat were stymied. Or attempts to establish new protections after a disaster like the Deepwater Horizon oil spill were thwarted. Or efforts to protect the public from asbestos were derailed.<\/p>\n<p>This is the world that the Regulatory Accountability Act would create, across all areas of government. This blandly titled bill is deeply flawed and deeply problematic\u2014a sneak attack on essential protections.<\/p>\n<p><em>This post originally appeared \u00a0on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.regblog.org\/2017\/03\/29\/roberts-misguided-regulatory-accountability-act\/\">Reg Blog<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Many of the features of the Regulatory Accountability Act render it a disastrous piece of legislation for public health, safety, and the environment. By tying up essential safeguards in enormous amounts of red tape, the legislation would covertly undermine longstanding protections for child safety, food safety, auto safety, and other broadly shared values. But the &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,44],"tags":[],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-16452","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-health","category-policy"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Misguided Regulatory Accountability Act - Climate 411<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.edf.org\/climate411\/2017\/04\/04\/the-misguided-regulatory-accountability-act\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Misguided Regulatory Accountability Act - Climate 411\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Many of the features of the Regulatory Accountability Act render it a disastrous piece of legislation for public health, safety, and the environment. 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By tying up essential safeguards in enormous amounts of red tape, the legislation would covertly undermine longstanding protections for child safety, food safety, auto safety, and other broadly shared values. 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